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Displaying items by tag: Coastal Notes

#Surfing - Do you know the best places to surf in Ireland?

Perhaps you've read our many stories on the brave and bold waveriders at Mullaghmore Head. Or the dangerous surf at Lahinch in Co Clare that caused significant damage in January's storms.

But did you know Portrush in Co Antrim is great for kids just getting started on the waves? Or that some of the best surf for beginners can be found on in West Cork?

That and more can be learned from this fascinating infographic courtesy of the Ocean Sands Hotel in Enniscrone, Co Sligo, which provides hospitality at the heart of the northwest's big wave surfing axis.

Maybe it will teach you something new about Ireland's surfing legacy - and encourage you to take to the waves this summer!

Top Surfing Spots infographic
Published in Surfing
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#CliffsOfMoher - The visitor centre at the Cliffs of Moher, one of the most high profile and best known discovery points along the newly launched Wild Atlantic Way, is to benefit from significant upgrade works during the coming weeks.

Management at the Cliffs of Moher Visitor Experience in Co Clare have announced a €550,000 plan to upgrade the existing public car park, provide additional coach parking, and upgrade the centre's exhibition.

Contracts have already been awarded for the coach parking and exhibition upgrades, with works due to commence shortly, while a planning application has been submitted in respect of the proposed car park improvements.

Mayor of Clare Cllr Joe Arkins welcomed the announcement, saucing: "The Wild Atlantic Way presents significant opportunities for tourism development right along the western seaboard of Ireland with Clare prominently featured as part of the new touring route that stretches from Donegal to West Cork.

"The proposed upgrade works at the Cliffs of Moher will complement what is already a high quality visitor attraction and will enable management at the cliffs to build on the impressive visitor number increases experienced during the past three years."

Visitor numbers at the Cliffs of Moher Visitor Experience were up 10% during 2013. Some 960,134 people visited the world famous tourist attraction last year compared to 873,988 during the previous year.

It is the third successive increase in visitor numbers to the Cliffs of Moher with year-on-year increases of 12% and 8% being achieved during 2011 and 2012 respectively.

Commenting on the proposed works, cliffs director Katherine Webster said: "The upgrades to the coach park and car park will provide an improved experience for our group and car based customers with increased capacity and a better layout including e-car charging points, additional disabled parking and improved pedestrian flow. 

"The new exhibition content will bring fresh exciting new experiences and greater visitor interactivity to the Cliffs Exhibition. The upgrade is being provided by Dublin-based Rockbrook Engineering, and we’re delighted with how their proposals will bring some of the outdoor experience of the cliffs inside into the dome area."

The Cliffs of Moher Visitor Experience is one of three Signature Discovery Points in Co Clare along the route of the Wild Atlantic Way, the others being the Bridges of Ross and Loop Head Lighthouse.

Published in Coastal Notes

#ChildrensArt As previously reported on Afloat.ie, the Children's Art Competition organised by the National Maritime Museum of Ireland, Dun Laoghaire has been a great success.

The museum thanks all those who participated! It was a hard job for the jury to select the winners from three age categories from which there were more than 600 entries. The museum really wished to have put all the pictures up in the museum, but then there would have been no room for any other exhibits.

To discover who the overall winner is?... take a visit to the museum's website and why not also visit the venue itself!... which is open daily 11am-5pm, for further details also scroll down the same web-page.

All winning pictures are on view in the upstairs gallery. Also previously reported are paintings from the large marine art collection of the Maritime Institute of Ireland where an exhibition is on display until the end of May.

 

Published in Coastal Notes

#OilReview - Lorna Siggins of the Irish Times reports that the Shell to Sea campaign group claim that UK consultants Wood Mackenzie has 'close connections' to oil and gas industry.

Shell to Sea have criticised a decision by Minister for Energy Pat Rabbitte to commission a review of Irish oil and gas fiscal terms from the British consultancy which has supplied information to oil and gas interests holding Irish licences.

Consultancy firm Wood Mackenzie, which is described as a "global leader in commercial intelligence for the energy, metals and mining industries", was appointed by Mr Rabbitte to undertake the review, following a public procurement process. To read more, click HERE.

Published in Coastal Notes

#CoastalNotes - Seven large urban coastal areas are among more than 40 towns nationwide still seeing untreated sewage released into the water supply, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns.

According to RTÉ News, the EPA says the current situation is in breach of an EU directive issued more than two decades ago.

Yet three large towns – Killybegs in Co Donegal, Ringaskiddy on Cork Harbour and Arklow in Co Wicklow - have been waiting some 13 years for secondary wastewater treatment facilities.

Moreover, it's been found that nearly a third of established secondary treatment plants nationwide do not meet the EU's main effluent standards, prompting serious pollution concerns.

Clifden in Co Galway and the Co Cork towns of Youghal, Cobh and Passage West have also been identified among the bigger urban areas still discharging untreated wastewater into coastal waters.

The news comes just weeks after it was discovered that effluent from an entire town in Co Galway is being piped into a Special Area of Conservation.

RTÉ News has more on the story HERE.

Published in Coastal Notes

#CoastalHeritage - First the recent storms exposed the wreck of a century-old schooner in Co Kerry and the remnants of neolithic graves in Connemara.

But now the severe weather has revealed the existence of ancient forests dating back an incredible 7,500 years.

The Irish Times reports on the incredible discovery on the Galway coast west of Spiddal, where the remains of a 'drowned' forest have been uncovered.

What's most remarkable about the find is that the trees' root systems are still intact, untouched since the Holocene times when wolves and bears where in abundance in Ireland's wild.

The Irish Times has much more on the story HERE.

Published in Coastal Notes
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#CoastalNotes - Solutions to deal with the erosion of Ireland's coastline to not have to cost "millions", a geography lecturer tells The Irish Times.

The comments by University College Cork's Dr Max Kozachenko follow a less heartening scenario described by fellow UCC academic Prof Robert Devoy, who said last month that erosion rates - exacerbated by increasingly extreme weather - will soon force Ireland's coastal counties to look "very clinically" at what parts are most worth saving via expensive engineering works.

However, Dr Kozachenko says that such a take-it-or-leave-it solution is "simplistic" when a co-ordinated approach involving coastal monitoring and new approaches to managing the effects of wind and wave action could stem the damage to Ireland's coastline for little expense.

He cites the placing of rock fragments in front of protective rock armouring or concrete walls to scatter waves and dissipate their energy as a cheap but effective option, and also notes the success of offshore artificial reefs in Japan that have had the added benefit of assisting in biodiversity.

The Irish Times has much more on the story HERE.

Published in Coastal Notes

#AdmiralBrown – The Argentine connection with Foxford, Co. Mayo will once again be celebrated when it commemorates the 157th anniversary of the death of its most famous son, Admiral William Brown.

Admiral's Day on March 3 will be celebrated in the village with a piper led procession, which will include the Argentine Ambassador to Ireland, HE Silvia Maria Merega, the Second Secretary Rafael Galetto, from the Embassy of Argentina, Dublin, and representatives of the Irish Naval Service.

This will be followed by Mass at 12 noon and a laying of wreaths as the last post is sounded at the Brown Monument. For more about this year's events which mark the bicentenary of two major naval victories by Brown, the Mayo Advertiser reports.

 

Published in Coastal Notes

#ChildrensArt - The National Maritime Museum of Ireland, Dun Laoghaire, is inviting all 5 to 12 year olds to take part in an art competition.

So get involved by gathering an A3 size piece of paper, watercolours, crayons, pencils or magazine cutouts, whatever makes you feel creative, and let your imagination flow!

Entries can be sent to the museum situated in the former Mariners Church on Haigh Terrace or dropped in the front desk. Please make sure you put your name, age and a contact number of email address clearly legible on the back of the painting.

If you are sending your contribution from a school, add the name of the school and your teachers' name and contact details as well.

Winners will be selected at the end of February. Easons Dun Laoghaire has kindly sponsored prizes. The winning pictures will be exhibited alongside their historic predecessors in the museum's upcoming exhibition of maritime paintings and prints from the Maritime Institute of Ireland's own collection.

Published in Coastal Notes

#CoastalHeritage - The recent storms have proven an unexpected boon for archaeologists as the high winds and wave action on Connemara's coast have exposed remains dating back 6,000 years.

According to The Irish Times, parts of a Neolithic bog, along with two medieval burial grounds and traces of dwellings dating back to the 1700s, were among the sites revealed in sand cliffs on the island of Omey off Claddaghduff by the impact of the storms - the same storms that exposed the remains of the shipwreck Sunbeam in Kerry last week.

It's not all good news, however, as archaeologists fear many more priceless treasures were lost by the destruction wrought by the storms - including kitchen middens, preserved waste piles that teach us much about our ancestors' lifestyles.

Meanwhile, as heritage experts look to Ireland's past, residents in the Aran Islands have expressed their concerns about the future - specifically what impact such extreme weather might have on the proposed - and currently postponedGalway Bay organic fish farm. The Irish Times has more on this story HERE.

Published in Coastal Notes
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Page 13 of 24

Ireland's Offshore Renewable Energy

Because of Ireland's location at the Atlantic edge of the EU, it has more offshore energy potential than most other countries in Europe. The conditions are suitable for the development of the full range of current offshore renewable energy technologies.

Offshore Renewable Energy FAQs

Offshore renewable energy draws on the natural energy provided by wind, wave and tide to convert it into electricity for industry and domestic consumption.

Offshore wind is the most advanced technology, using fixed wind turbines in coastal areas, while floating wind is a developing technology more suited to deeper water. In 2018, offshore wind provided a tiny fraction of global electricity supply, but it is set to expand strongly in the coming decades into a USD 1 trillion business, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). It says that turbines are growing in size and in power capacity, which in turn is "delivering major performance and cost improvements for offshore wind farms".

The global offshore wind market grew nearly 30% per year between 2010 and 2018, according to the IEA, due to rapid technology improvements, It calculated that about 150 new offshore wind projects are in active development around the world. Europe in particular has fostered the technology's development, led by Britain, Germany and Denmark, but China added more capacity than any other country in 2018.

A report for the Irish Wind Energy Assocation (IWEA) by the Carbon Trust – a British government-backed limited company established to accelerate Britain's move to a low carbon economy - says there are currently 14 fixed-bottom wind energy projects, four floating wind projects and one project that has yet to choose a technology at some stage of development in Irish waters. Some of these projects are aiming to build before 2030 to contribute to the 5GW target set by the Irish government, and others are expected to build after 2030. These projects have to secure planning permission, obtain a grid connection and also be successful in a competitive auction in the Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS).

The electricity generated by each turbine is collected by an offshore electricity substation located within the wind farm. Seabed cables connect the offshore substation to an onshore substation on the coast. These cables transport the electricity to land from where it will be used to power homes, farms and businesses around Ireland. The offshore developer works with EirGrid, which operates the national grid, to identify how best to do this and where exactly on the grid the project should connect.

The new Marine Planning and Development Management Bill will create a new streamlined system for planning permission for activity or infrastructure in Irish waters or on the seabed, including offshore wind farms. It is due to be published before the end of 2020 and enacted in 2021.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE. Is there scope for community involvement in offshore wind? The IWEA says that from the early stages of a project, the wind farm developer "should be engaging with the local community to inform them about the project, answer their questions and listen to their concerns". It says this provides the community with "the opportunity to work with the developer to help shape the final layout and design of the project". Listening to fishing industry concerns, and how fishermen may be affected by survey works, construction and eventual operation of a project is "of particular concern to developers", the IWEA says. It says there will also be a community benefit fund put in place for each project. It says the final details of this will be addressed in the design of the RESS (see below) for offshore wind but it has the potential to be "tens of millions of euro over the 15 years of the RESS contract". The Government is also considering the possibility that communities will be enabled to invest in offshore wind farms though there is "no clarity yet on how this would work", the IWEA says.

Based on current plans, it would amount to around 12 GW of offshore wind energy. However, the IWEA points out that is unlikely that all of the projects planned will be completed. The industry says there is even more significant potential for floating offshore wind off Ireland's west coast and the Programme for Government contains a commitment to develop a long-term plan for at least 30 GW of floating offshore wind in our deeper waters.

There are many different models of turbines. The larger a turbine, the more efficient it is in producing electricity at a good price. In choosing a turbine model the developer will be conscious of this ,but also has to be aware the impact of the turbine on the environment, marine life, biodiversity and visual impact. As a broad rule an offshore wind turbine will have a tip-height of between 165m and 215m tall. However, turbine technology is evolving at a rapid rate with larger more efficient turbines anticipated on the market in the coming years.

 

The Renewable Electricity Support Scheme is designed to support the development of renewable energy projects in Ireland. Under the scheme wind farms and solar farms compete against each other in an auction with the projects which offer power at the lowest price awarded contracts. These contracts provide them with a guaranteed price for their power for 15 years. If they obtain a better price for their electricity on the wholesale market they must return the difference to the consumer.

Yes. The first auction for offshore renewable energy projects is expected to take place in late 2021.

Cost is one difference, and technology is another. Floating wind farm technology is relatively new, but allows use of deeper water. Ireland's 50-metre contour line is the limit for traditional bottom-fixed wind farms, and it is also very close to population centres, which makes visibility of large turbines an issue - hence the attraction of floating structures Do offshore wind farms pose a navigational hazard to shipping? Inshore fishermen do have valid concerns. One of the first steps in identifying a site as a potential location for an offshore wind farm is to identify and assess the level of existing marine activity in the area and this particularly includes shipping. The National Marine Planning Framework aims to create, for the first time, a plan to balance the various kinds of offshore activity with the protection of the Irish marine environment. This is expected to be published before the end of 2020, and will set out clearly where is suitable for offshore renewable energy development and where it is not - due, for example, to shipping movements and safe navigation.

YEnvironmental organisations are concerned about the impact of turbines on bird populations, particularly migrating birds. A Danish scientific study published in 2019 found evidence that larger birds were tending to avoid turbine blades, but said it didn't have sufficient evidence for smaller birds – and cautioned that the cumulative effect of farms could still have an impact on bird movements. A full environmental impact assessment has to be carried out before a developer can apply for planning permission to develop an offshore wind farm. This would include desk-based studies as well as extensive surveys of the population and movements of birds and marine mammals, as well as fish and seabed habitats. If a potential environmental impact is identified the developer must, as part of the planning application, show how the project will be designed in such a way as to avoid the impact or to mitigate against it.

A typical 500 MW offshore wind farm would require an operations and maintenance base which would be on the nearby coast. Such a project would generally create between 80-100 fulltime jobs, according to the IWEA. There would also be a substantial increase to in-direct employment and associated socio-economic benefit to the surrounding area where the operation and maintenance hub is located.

The recent Carbon Trust report for the IWEA, entitled Harnessing our potential, identified significant skills shortages for offshore wind in Ireland across the areas of engineering financial services and logistics. The IWEA says that as Ireland is a relatively new entrant to the offshore wind market, there are "opportunities to develop and implement strategies to address the skills shortages for delivering offshore wind and for Ireland to be a net exporter of human capital and skills to the highly competitive global offshore wind supply chain". Offshore wind requires a diverse workforce with jobs in both transferable (for example from the oil and gas sector) and specialist disciplines across apprenticeships and higher education. IWEA have a training network called the Green Tech Skillnet that facilitates training and networking opportunities in the renewable energy sector.

It is expected that developing the 3.5 GW of offshore wind energy identified in the Government's Climate Action Plan would create around 2,500 jobs in construction and development and around 700 permanent operations and maintenance jobs. The Programme for Government published in 2020 has an enhanced target of 5 GW of offshore wind which would create even more employment. The industry says that in the initial stages, the development of offshore wind energy would create employment in conducting environmental surveys, community engagement and development applications for planning. As a site moves to construction, people with backgrounds in various types of engineering, marine construction and marine transport would be recruited. Once the site is up and running , a project requires a team of turbine technicians, engineers and administrators to ensure the wind farm is fully and properly maintained, as well as crew for the crew transfer vessels transporting workers from shore to the turbines.

The IEA says that today's offshore wind market "doesn't even come close to tapping the full potential – with high-quality resources available in most major markets". It estimates that offshore wind has the potential to generate more than 420 000 Terawatt hours per year (TWh/yr) worldwide – as in more than 18 times the current global electricity demand. One Terawatt is 114 megawatts, and to put it in context, Scotland it has a population a little over 5 million and requires 25 TWh/yr of electrical energy.

Not as advanced as wind, with anchoring a big challenge – given that the most effective wave energy has to be in the most energetic locations, such as the Irish west coast. Britain, Ireland and Portugal are regarded as most advanced in developing wave energy technology. The prize is significant, the industry says, as there are forecasts that varying between 4000TWh/yr to 29500TWh/yr. Europe consumes around 3000TWh/year.

The industry has two main umbrella organisations – the Irish Wind Energy Association, which represents both onshore and offshore wind, and the Marine Renewables Industry Association, which focuses on all types of renewable in the marine environment.

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