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The now annual RS Super Series ran over the winter of 2023/2024, with racing open to the Waszp, RS Neo and RS Aero classes.

Unfortunately, the winds were never quite right for the Waszps, either too windy or not enough wind, so we never saw them out on the race courses for this series. Racing on the last day was held in particularly spicy conditions of 25kts+ last Saturday morning, while most other sailing and racing for that day was postponed or cancelled.

The Super Series format is designed to keep racing simple with a basic format that ensures quality racing with the minimum hassle and extras, like what club racing was in the past, keeping enjoyment levels up for as minimum a fee as possible. Racing is sprint-style races of 15-20 minutes in duration, allowing for up to 5 races a day starting at 945 am and then off the water by 12! This style of racing is perfect for keeping starting and racing skills alive for all sailors over the winter months.

The RS Neos joined the series this year; the Neo is essentially a cross between an Aero and RS Zest training boat. It is an ideal boat to bridge the gap between a training dinghy such as the Zest and a thoroughbred racer like the Aero. The Neo has a rotomolded hull and aluminium foils to give durability, yet it combines this with the carbon fibre rig of an Aero 6, allowing developing sailors to really see the effect of the primary sail controls and how they can affect the tuning of a modern single-handed sail.

In the fleet of 10 Aeros were a mix of 6 and 7-size rigsIn the fleet of 10 Aeros were a mix of 6 and 7-size rigs

In the fleet of 10 Aeros were a mix of 6 and 7-size rigs with the 6 rigs proving to be more and more popular amongst male and female sailors alike due to similar performance to the 7 in lighter winds but less hiking required in the heavy winds, in fact on the last race which was sailed in 25kts plus, Noel Butler sailing a 6 rig was first to the windward mark ahead of Thomas Chaix and Kenny Rumball who were both sailing with the larger 7 rigs but who were having to work much harder to keep the boat powering upwind.

Dedicated RS Aero sailors included head coach of the National Yacht Club Thomas Chaix, who bought his Aero during the series after a few test sails, which led him to commit to a boat due to the simplicity of sail, speed and ergonomics of the boat.

Thomas Chaix was victorious in the oldest boat of the fleet, proving the durability and robustness of the build and design of the Aero. Thomas had an almost perfect scoreline with his 7 rig despite only formally joining the fleet this winter. Noel Butler came in second sailing a 6 rig just ahead of Sarah Dwyer who was also sailing a 6 rig. Full results available below and here 

The Aeros have a busy season ahead. The next series, the DBSC series, will kick off soon. The first regional event will be the nationals in Howth Yacht Club on June 15th and 16th.

Thomas Chaix was the RS Aero winner in the INSS RS Super Series and was presented with his prize by Muriel Rumball Thomas Chaix was the RS Aero winner in the INSS RS Super Series and was presented with his prize by Muriel Rumball 

RS Sailor Noel ButlerRS Sailor Noel Butler

RS Sailor Stephen OramRS Sailor Stephen Oram

RS Sailor Damien DionRS Sailor Damien Dion

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The 2024 Irish RS dinghy calendar has been updated to include five monthly headline events from May to September at two coastal and three inland venues.

At least three of the clubs provide on-site camping facilities to minimise the cost of countrywide campaigning for the dinghy class.

Tails are up in the Irish fleet with the news of three brand new boats arriving at the end of 2023 to join the established fleet of 25 RS200s and more than 40 RS400s in the country.

The season begins on May 4th/5th at a new venue at East Antrim Boat Club for the RS200/400 Northern Championships. New EABC Commodore Chris Dorman has expressed 'special excitement' about having the RS fleet at Larne, where "camping and great hospitality is guaranteed".

Just under a month later, a one-day sprint event on June 8th at Greystones Harbour also doubles as the RS200/400 Eastern Championships. The date has been set especially with those doing exams in mind and an ideal way to hone starting skills before many Irish boats head to France for the international Eurocup from 21-24 June.

From July 6/7th, the second RS Fest at Lough Derg Yacht Club will follow on from last year's success to incorporate the RS Feva, the RS 200/400, and RS Aeros

The RS200/400s head north for a second time in August for the Irish National Championships at Carrickfergus SC on Belfast Lough for a three-day regatta from 9th to 11th. 

Killaloe Sailing Club will host the final event of the year for the RS 200/400 Southerns on September 20/21.

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The RS Super Series is open to all RS boats, and the Waszps is back in action this Saturday, with racing also extended to the RS Neo.

The RS Aeros weren’t able to join the first weekend of the RS Super Series last month, as they were racing their final event of the year at the Eastern’s in Howth Yacht Club.

However, they are back in force this weekend for the Super Series run by RS agent MarineServices.ie

This series has always been well attended by the RS Aero class, with most sailors opting to sail during the winter with their 6 rig, allowing for the generally stronger winds experienced during the winter!

The Aero has proven to be one of the most sailed boats in Dublin Bay, with consistent active sailing in the DBSC summer series, DMYC frostbites and Super Series throughout the winter, proving the flexibility and addictiveness of the little boats.

With their all-carbon rig, the Aero responds well to the primary sail controls, allowing sailors to power and de-power their boats with little effort!

Joining the Aeros on Saturday will be the RS Neo. The Irish National Sailing Club has invested in the ‘baby Aero’ over the last number of years and now boasts a fleet of four boats. The Neo bridges the gap between a learn-to-sail dinghy such as the RS Zest and the lightweight racing Aero!

The Neo uses a durable, roto moulded hull with long-lasting aluminium foils yet has the all-carbon rig from the Aero 6. This allows sailors progressing from training classes to learn about the dynamic sail control that comes with carbon spars without worrying about damaging the lightweight Aero hull…

There are still opportunities to get involved! Marine Services has Aeros available for charter for the series; feel free to drop a mail to [email protected] if you want to get involved…

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9th November 2023

RS Winter Sailing is On Form!

November is here, and although some would call it winter sailing, conjuring images of hats, gloves, rain and all-round miserable sailing conditions, the reality is that the weather this time of the year is perfect for sailing! And not only sailing but RS Sailing, the world's biggest sailboat manufacturer, has something for everybody!

RS21 at the Turkey Shoot

In Dublin, there is the very successful and popular Turkey Shoot series in the run-up to Christmas. Kenny Rumball has swapped his trusty 1720 for the sporty RS21. The 21-footer from RS has already been seen in the bay competing throughout the summer series and in Dun Laoghaire week with some of the other boats that travelled far and wide to race. Kenny and his crew of instructors from the Irish National Sailing & Powerboat School were on form on Sunday. With a nice steady but at times windy Westerly breeze, the team sailed well to finish just behind the 1720s and one or two of the faster J109s. Sharing the same start as the 1720, J80 and SB3 classes, the crew of four were third on the water from that start!

 The sporty RS21 dockside after the DBSC Turkey Shoot series on Dublin Bay The sporty RS21 dockside after the DBSC Turkey Shoot series on Dublin Bay

Before and after racing, the futuristic RS21 motored on and off its berth silently using its EPropulsion electric pod drive that retracts into the hull to make sailing as seamless and hassle-free as possible while also being caring to the environment. MarineServices.ie also had the all-new EVO series of Propulsion outboard on display in the Royal Irish Yacht Club after racing. If you are interested in trialling an electric outboard or the RS21, don’t hesitate to contact [email protected]

DMYC Frostbites

The DMYC frostbite series cracked off the same Sunday afternoon in a slightly dying westerly wind. A total of 11 RS Aeros are racing, with also 3 RS200s, one more to join by the end of the series! The popular modern Aero was being sailed by crews with a mixture of the 6 and 7 rig, with sailors having to choose their weapon of choice of the series from the start.

RS Aero sailor Noel Butler (left) collects his winner's mug from DMYC Frostbite organiser Neil Colin RS Aero sailor Noel Butler (left) collects his winner's mug from DMYC Frostbite organiser Neil Colin 

Close racing as always from the Aeros, with Noel Butler coming out on top in the PY division in his Aero, with Sarah Dwyer on equal points to Noel in the overalls after two races sailed on the first weekend. A nice gender mixture demonstrating an equal playing field for all sailors in the modern single-hander.

Don’t forget, if you want to try your hand at the RS Aero, don’t hesitate to drop [email protected]

RS400 winter series at the Royal North of Ireland Yacht Club

Meanwhile, in the North of Ireland, the RS400 winter series kicked off at the Royal North of Ireland Yacht Club. A whopping 17 RS400s were on the water, with some returning names to the fold, no doubt buoyed by the UK Championships coming to RNIYC in 2025!

Strong tidal currents resulted in the right of the downwind being advantageous for most of the day, with Ross and Andrew consistently making a nuisance of themselves by sailing high, though they may argue that perhaps everyone else could have sailed faster. A gusty end to the final race did little to unsettle Ross and Andrew, who won the day with a convincing 9-point finish. 

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The RS Sailing Super Series is about to kick off in Dun Laoghaire Harbour, bringing together sailing enthusiasts from various RS classes and the highly popular Waszp class.

With an action-packed schedule, this series promises an exhilarating display of skill, teamwork, and competitive spirit.

Organised by the Irish National Sailing and Powerboat School (INSS), the RS Sailing Super Series is set to take place on the West Pier, offering participants and spectators a captivating view of the races against the sparkling backdrop of the sea.

Waszp sailing at Dun LaoghaireWaszp sailing at Dun Laoghaire

Mark your calendars for the following dates: November 25th, December 16th, January 27th, February 24th, and March 23rd.

One of the highlights of this series is the multitude of races planned per morning, ensuring an abundance of thrilling moments for both participants and fans. The racing action begins early, with the goal of concluding the races by 12:00 noon, allowing sailors to make the most of the day.

To make things even better, registering for the RS Sailing Super Series is a breeze.

Visit the official event website hosted by the RS Sailing Club and complete your entry online.

This streamlined process ensures a hassle-free experience for participants, enabling them to focus on preparing for the exhilarating races ahead.

The RS Sailing Super Series offers an incredible platform for sailors across various RS classes and the Waszp class to showcase their skills and compete against fellow enthusiasts. From seasoned sailors to up-and-coming talents, this event welcomes participants of all levels, fostering a vibrant environment of camaraderie and healthy competition.

So mark your calendars, sailing enthusiasts, for the RS Sailing Super Series is just around the corner. 

Published in INSS
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The Irish RS200/400 fleets return to Lough Derg this month for the year's final event on 23/24 September at Killaloe Sailing Club Co. Clare, and boats are expected to travel from all parts of the country for the Inland Championship.

From the North, Luke McIlwaine/Ryan Wilson and are leading the Travellers Series among the favourites in the 400 and the Hills duo in the RS 200.

Blessington and Greystones SC are expected to supply good numbers from the East Coast.

In the West, Galway and Callaun bring boats to compete with the biggest fleet (12 boats) coming from Killaloe, including 2022 RS400 Inland Champion Govan Berridge/Dave Coleman in their brand new boat.

Entries for the event are still open here for anyone wishing to join the 33-boat fleet.

The NOR, Entry Page, SI's, accommodation/camping info, and Whatsapp Group are all listed on information page here

The Irish RS AGM is to be scheduled in the middle of October and will decide on Irish events for 2024.

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RS Ireland, the new trading name for all things RS in Ireland, has rebranded from its parent company MarineServices.ie.

As part of this rebrand, RS Ireland has launched its all-new website, www.rsireland.com; check it out!

The page for the RS Fest is particularly interesting on the website, which outlines the inaugural RS Fest taking place this year in collaboration with Blessington Sailing Club and The Avon Resort.

RS 200s & RS 400s will sail for their National Championships from the 23rd to the 25th of June for their National Championships with the RS Aeros & RS Fevas joining on the 24th and 25th. If there is enough interest, the RS Teras will also join the fun!

RS 200s & RS 400s will sail for their National Championships from the 23rd to the 25th of June for their National ChampionshipsRS 200s & RS 400s will sail for their National Championships from the 23rd to the 25th of June for their National Championships

With racing held across two courses led by a top race committee, including race officer Michael Tyrell backed up by extra resources from the Irish National Sailing & Powerboat School.

RS Ireland will be on site every day with spare parts, and a repair team to keep the fleet on the water no matter what.

RS Fevas are part of the RS Fest line up at Blessington Sailing Club and The Avon ResortRS Fevas are part of the RS Fest line up at Blessington Sailing Club and The Avon Resort

For sailors interested in stepping into any of the classes, RS Ireland has a number of charter boats available. These will be listed on the website in the coming days. To register interest in chartering one of these boats, please do not hesitate to contact [email protected]

Post-sailing entertainment will take place in the Avon resort and food area. RS Ireland will host a raffle with attractive prizes for every class, including sails, covers and much more!

For those interested in getting on the water this year in any RS boat, RS Ireland currently has a stock of new and used boats for all prominent classes in Ireland, including Aeros, 200s, 400s, Teras & Fevas! In fact we have a very limited offer of new Fevas for under €7k, including VAT!

Please contact [email protected] for more information.

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It’s happening, the inaugural RS Fest, a fun action-packed weekend for RS racing classes!

RS Sailing Ireland in collaboration with Blessington Sailing Club and The Avon resort, are bringing back fun, family-orientated sailing events with activities and entertainment for all the family. From the 23rd to the 25th of June, multiple RS classes will race on the beautiful Blessington Lakes in County Wicklow, incorporating sailors of all genders and ages. The RS 200s & 400s will race on the 23rd to form their National Championships. The RS Fevas will also have their National Championships, however, they will only race on the 24th and 25th. RS Aeros and RS Teras will race on the 24th and 25th to form part of their regional calendar.

For a sneak preview, this is what we are basing the event from;

In a cohesive effort to recognise entertainment and fun for all the family, The Avon will be offering entertainment packages for all family members. Kayaking, SUPing and bicycle hire all feature from the nearby resort. There are enviable bicycle greenways around the lake, ensuring plenty of options for non-sailors who may be accompanying the RS sailors to the event.

Avon will also cater for post-racing entertainment and food in their food court at the inaugural RS Fest on Blessington Lakes in County Wicklow in June Avon will also cater for post-racing entertainment and food in their food court at the inaugural RS Fest on Blessington Lakes in County Wicklow in June 

Avon will also cater for post-racing entertainment & food in their food court, which should have some new additions this year in time for the event. Think freshly cooked wood-fired Pizzas, succulent Burgers and fresh salads!

The 2022 RS Aero Worlds Photo: Bob Stawicki Photography The 2022 RS Aero Worlds Photo: Bob Stawicki Photography 

For any young or old sailors who may be interested in taking to the water for the first time, RS Sailing Ireland will have some of their demo fleet on locations including the RS Tera, RS Neo and RS Zest for new sailors to try their hand at the sport and test out the latest models from RS.

For those sailors looking to sample new boats and classes or to minimise travel hassle, RS Sailing Ireland will have many charter boats available.

RS Fevas, RS Aeros & RS Teras will all be available for charter for the event.

Stay tuned for the Notice of Race and Charter pricing which will be released soon on the all new RSIreland.com website and on the RSSailing.club entry platform.

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In a year that Ireland has hosted the 505, GP14, Fireball, SB20 World championships, some of the other classes have had a quieter year.

However, the RS fleet has seen some resurgence with boats changing hands quickly already in late summer/autumn with sailors joining fleet for first time and some coming back to join the fleet after a year or two away.

Why sail RS? RS is a forward-thinking sailboat manufacturer, the boats are light, fast and fun, sure to put a smile on your face and a thrill for sailing.

The RS Aero has transformed the game while RS200 numbers thrive as youth/lighter teams come through with as many as 180 boats at UK Nats in Hayling Island August-2022.

The RS400 is the original "modern classic" RS boat. It has a wide weight range that combines power & speed with an asymmetric at an affordable price! Just take a look at this video from RS400 Nationals this year (in champagne conditions in Ballyholme. 

The RS fleet is scheduled to have the final event of the year 8/9 October in the brand new clubhouse of Killaloe SC, Co. Clare for the RS200/400 Inlands. The club already has an established RS fleet, with many more coming from strongholds of Greystones, Blessington and across Northern Ireland expected to travel.

Signup is available for the inlands for anyone thinking of coming, NOR, Entry Page, SIs and Whatsapp Group, all listed on the page with some suggestions for places to stay while Camping etc will be available at the club.

For those not yet with a boat but interested in joining the class, there is a Crew Union Facebook page below (anyone interested can join) and Class website here and the Irish RS200 / RS400 Dinghy Crews' Union (Facebook page)

The AGM is to be scheduled at the end of October and will decide Irish events for 2023.

Already confirmed for 2023 is RS400 Eurocup is the epic venue of Torbole, Lake Garda 29 May-2nd June and UK Nationals Mounts Bay SC 31st July-4th Aug with the same event strongly rumoured to be coming back to Northern Ireland in 2025.

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The RS event comprising the National Championship for RS200s and RS400s and the Northerns for RS Fevas, 2000s and Aeros at Ballyholme YC last weekend was judged an outstanding success, particularly in that it attracted many younger sailors and some of the prizes were awarded for that participation.

As Afloat reported previously, over the three days, conditions varied wildly with winds mostly in the south but with fickle strengths from 20 knots to very light and, in that direction, mostly manageable seas.

Race Officers were Aidan Pounder from the host club and Sheela Lewis of County Antrim YC on the north shore of Belfast Lough.

The biggest fleet was the RS400s and here it was the event organiser Bob Espey with Richard McCullough who topped the 18-strong entry with seven wins in the nine races.

David Fletcher and Ryan Smith  were the RS 2000 winners Photo: Simon McIlwaineDavid Fletcher and Ryan Smith were the RS 2000 winners Photo: Simon McIlwaine

Second were Mikey Ferguson and Phillip Adams from BYC who also won the Mug of the Week prize for (it was said) having chilled out too long on the Friday morning and missed the first race. The Greystones pair, Conor Galligan and Evan Smith were third.

The decisive winners in the RS200 fleet were Joycelyn Hill and Jenny Lewis from County Antrim YC and runners up were Alex and Martin Roe from Galway City SC who made the five-hour journey to be there. The Roes tell me that their Club is relatively new and right in the heart of the City and that’s where the RS Westerns will be held on 17th and 18th September.

County Antrim YC's Joycelyn Hill and Jenny Lewis  were RS 200 winners  Photo: Simon McIlwaine

Local man Liam Glynn dominated the Aeros with a string of firsts and second overall was Howth sailor Daragh Sheridan with five-second places and a third as discard.

Daragh Sheridan (3187) from Howth RS Aero runner up and John Simms (Ballyholme YC) Photo: Simon McIlwaine Daragh Sheridan (3187) from Howth RS Aero runner up and John Simms (Ballyholme YC)

The interest in the Feva class at Ballyholme has grown dramatically this season and some of the Club boats have been rented and some are privately owned.

Feva racing Photo: Simon McIlwaineFeva racing Photo: Simon McIlwaine

Originally the Club rented to the youngsters to encourage the class, and some of them were keen enough to buy boats of their own which freed up the rentals. Winners here were Ross and Ellie Nolan from Royal North of Ireland YC, who also took the family prize, with the Ridout family in second and third.

Matthew and Peter Ridout, runners up in the Feva class Photo: Simon McIlwaineMatthew and Peter Ridout, runners up in the Feva class Photo: Simon McIlwaine

The runners up were Matthew and ten-year-old Peter and third Emily and Annabel. Glynis Ridout explained how the Feva class is organised “In the RS Feva fleet, we welcome family team combinations of say, parent and child as we know how much a young sailor’s confidence can be boosted by this experience.

RS Feva Northern Champions Annabel (left) and Emily Ridout with organiser Bob Espey Photo: Rachel NixonRS Feva Northern Champions Annabel (left) and Emily Ridout with organiser Bob Espey Photo: Rachel Nixon

But the Northerns can only be won by helm and crew who are both under 18”. So third placed Emily and Annabel Ridout took that prize.

https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get/I0000k0dX25LaKQI/s/767/I0000k0dX25LaKQI.jpgNine year old Peter and Matthew Ridout runners up in the Feva class are congratulated by organiser Bob Espey (centre) Photo Rachel Nixon

BYC had hosted an RYA two day training event before the RS event and no doubt that served to hone the skills of the competitors.

Dave Fletcher and Ryan Smith had a clean sweep in the RS 2000 fleet with Aileen and Dave Smith runners up.

At the prizegiving, Rear Commodore Sailing Des Magee thanked all the volunteers.

Results are downloadable below as a PDF file

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Ireland's Offshore Renewable Energy

Because of Ireland's location at the Atlantic edge of the EU, it has more offshore energy potential than most other countries in Europe. The conditions are suitable for the development of the full range of current offshore renewable energy technologies.

Offshore Renewable Energy FAQs

Offshore renewable energy draws on the natural energy provided by wind, wave and tide to convert it into electricity for industry and domestic consumption.

Offshore wind is the most advanced technology, using fixed wind turbines in coastal areas, while floating wind is a developing technology more suited to deeper water. In 2018, offshore wind provided a tiny fraction of global electricity supply, but it is set to expand strongly in the coming decades into a USD 1 trillion business, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). It says that turbines are growing in size and in power capacity, which in turn is "delivering major performance and cost improvements for offshore wind farms".

The global offshore wind market grew nearly 30% per year between 2010 and 2018, according to the IEA, due to rapid technology improvements, It calculated that about 150 new offshore wind projects are in active development around the world. Europe in particular has fostered the technology's development, led by Britain, Germany and Denmark, but China added more capacity than any other country in 2018.

A report for the Irish Wind Energy Assocation (IWEA) by the Carbon Trust – a British government-backed limited company established to accelerate Britain's move to a low carbon economy - says there are currently 14 fixed-bottom wind energy projects, four floating wind projects and one project that has yet to choose a technology at some stage of development in Irish waters. Some of these projects are aiming to build before 2030 to contribute to the 5GW target set by the Irish government, and others are expected to build after 2030. These projects have to secure planning permission, obtain a grid connection and also be successful in a competitive auction in the Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS).

The electricity generated by each turbine is collected by an offshore electricity substation located within the wind farm. Seabed cables connect the offshore substation to an onshore substation on the coast. These cables transport the electricity to land from where it will be used to power homes, farms and businesses around Ireland. The offshore developer works with EirGrid, which operates the national grid, to identify how best to do this and where exactly on the grid the project should connect.

The new Marine Planning and Development Management Bill will create a new streamlined system for planning permission for activity or infrastructure in Irish waters or on the seabed, including offshore wind farms. It is due to be published before the end of 2020 and enacted in 2021.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE. Is there scope for community involvement in offshore wind? The IWEA says that from the early stages of a project, the wind farm developer "should be engaging with the local community to inform them about the project, answer their questions and listen to their concerns". It says this provides the community with "the opportunity to work with the developer to help shape the final layout and design of the project". Listening to fishing industry concerns, and how fishermen may be affected by survey works, construction and eventual operation of a project is "of particular concern to developers", the IWEA says. It says there will also be a community benefit fund put in place for each project. It says the final details of this will be addressed in the design of the RESS (see below) for offshore wind but it has the potential to be "tens of millions of euro over the 15 years of the RESS contract". The Government is also considering the possibility that communities will be enabled to invest in offshore wind farms though there is "no clarity yet on how this would work", the IWEA says.

Based on current plans, it would amount to around 12 GW of offshore wind energy. However, the IWEA points out that is unlikely that all of the projects planned will be completed. The industry says there is even more significant potential for floating offshore wind off Ireland's west coast and the Programme for Government contains a commitment to develop a long-term plan for at least 30 GW of floating offshore wind in our deeper waters.

There are many different models of turbines. The larger a turbine, the more efficient it is in producing electricity at a good price. In choosing a turbine model the developer will be conscious of this ,but also has to be aware the impact of the turbine on the environment, marine life, biodiversity and visual impact. As a broad rule an offshore wind turbine will have a tip-height of between 165m and 215m tall. However, turbine technology is evolving at a rapid rate with larger more efficient turbines anticipated on the market in the coming years.

 

The Renewable Electricity Support Scheme is designed to support the development of renewable energy projects in Ireland. Under the scheme wind farms and solar farms compete against each other in an auction with the projects which offer power at the lowest price awarded contracts. These contracts provide them with a guaranteed price for their power for 15 years. If they obtain a better price for their electricity on the wholesale market they must return the difference to the consumer.

Yes. The first auction for offshore renewable energy projects is expected to take place in late 2021.

Cost is one difference, and technology is another. Floating wind farm technology is relatively new, but allows use of deeper water. Ireland's 50-metre contour line is the limit for traditional bottom-fixed wind farms, and it is also very close to population centres, which makes visibility of large turbines an issue - hence the attraction of floating structures Do offshore wind farms pose a navigational hazard to shipping? Inshore fishermen do have valid concerns. One of the first steps in identifying a site as a potential location for an offshore wind farm is to identify and assess the level of existing marine activity in the area and this particularly includes shipping. The National Marine Planning Framework aims to create, for the first time, a plan to balance the various kinds of offshore activity with the protection of the Irish marine environment. This is expected to be published before the end of 2020, and will set out clearly where is suitable for offshore renewable energy development and where it is not - due, for example, to shipping movements and safe navigation.

YEnvironmental organisations are concerned about the impact of turbines on bird populations, particularly migrating birds. A Danish scientific study published in 2019 found evidence that larger birds were tending to avoid turbine blades, but said it didn't have sufficient evidence for smaller birds – and cautioned that the cumulative effect of farms could still have an impact on bird movements. A full environmental impact assessment has to be carried out before a developer can apply for planning permission to develop an offshore wind farm. This would include desk-based studies as well as extensive surveys of the population and movements of birds and marine mammals, as well as fish and seabed habitats. If a potential environmental impact is identified the developer must, as part of the planning application, show how the project will be designed in such a way as to avoid the impact or to mitigate against it.

A typical 500 MW offshore wind farm would require an operations and maintenance base which would be on the nearby coast. Such a project would generally create between 80-100 fulltime jobs, according to the IWEA. There would also be a substantial increase to in-direct employment and associated socio-economic benefit to the surrounding area where the operation and maintenance hub is located.

The recent Carbon Trust report for the IWEA, entitled Harnessing our potential, identified significant skills shortages for offshore wind in Ireland across the areas of engineering financial services and logistics. The IWEA says that as Ireland is a relatively new entrant to the offshore wind market, there are "opportunities to develop and implement strategies to address the skills shortages for delivering offshore wind and for Ireland to be a net exporter of human capital and skills to the highly competitive global offshore wind supply chain". Offshore wind requires a diverse workforce with jobs in both transferable (for example from the oil and gas sector) and specialist disciplines across apprenticeships and higher education. IWEA have a training network called the Green Tech Skillnet that facilitates training and networking opportunities in the renewable energy sector.

It is expected that developing the 3.5 GW of offshore wind energy identified in the Government's Climate Action Plan would create around 2,500 jobs in construction and development and around 700 permanent operations and maintenance jobs. The Programme for Government published in 2020 has an enhanced target of 5 GW of offshore wind which would create even more employment. The industry says that in the initial stages, the development of offshore wind energy would create employment in conducting environmental surveys, community engagement and development applications for planning. As a site moves to construction, people with backgrounds in various types of engineering, marine construction and marine transport would be recruited. Once the site is up and running , a project requires a team of turbine technicians, engineers and administrators to ensure the wind farm is fully and properly maintained, as well as crew for the crew transfer vessels transporting workers from shore to the turbines.

The IEA says that today's offshore wind market "doesn't even come close to tapping the full potential – with high-quality resources available in most major markets". It estimates that offshore wind has the potential to generate more than 420 000 Terawatt hours per year (TWh/yr) worldwide – as in more than 18 times the current global electricity demand. One Terawatt is 114 megawatts, and to put it in context, Scotland it has a population a little over 5 million and requires 25 TWh/yr of electrical energy.

Not as advanced as wind, with anchoring a big challenge – given that the most effective wave energy has to be in the most energetic locations, such as the Irish west coast. Britain, Ireland and Portugal are regarded as most advanced in developing wave energy technology. The prize is significant, the industry says, as there are forecasts that varying between 4000TWh/yr to 29500TWh/yr. Europe consumes around 3000TWh/year.

The industry has two main umbrella organisations – the Irish Wind Energy Association, which represents both onshore and offshore wind, and the Marine Renewables Industry Association, which focuses on all types of renewable in the marine environment.

©Afloat 2020