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Displaying items by tag: Multihull

French sailor Charles Caudrelier has emerged victorious in the Ultim Challenge, the first-ever solo multihull race around the world. Caudrelier, skipper of the Maxi Edmond de Rothschild, crossed the finish line off the coast of Brest on Tuesday morning at 8:37:42 local time (UTC+1hrs), after completing the 24,260 nautical miles course in 50 days, 19 hours, 7 minutes, and 47 seconds since leaving Brest on January 7th.

The race leader, who has been unchallenged at the front of the race since January 17th, triumphed on the first edition of this unprecedented race. Although he had to slow down to avoid a massive storm at Cape Horn, at one point in the Pacific Ocean, Caudrelier was ahead of the time required to set a new all-time record for sailing solo round the world.

Caudrelier widened the gap to over 2,500 miles ahead of his nearest rival, 26-year-old Tom Laperche, after a thrilling head-to-head duel down the South Atlantic. Laperche had to retire into Cape Town with damage caused by a collision.

Ultim Challenge Race winner Charles Caudrelier Photo: GitanaUltim Challenge Race winner Charles Caudrelier Photo: Gitana

Caudrelier's victory rewards more than ten years of endeavour by the Edmond de Rothschild Gitana team. They worked initially with a MOD70 in 2011, on which they developed the multihull foiling program before launching the innovative Verdier-designed Ultim in 2017.

After his frustrating third-place finish in the Transat Jacques Vabre last autumn, which was marked by numerous damages, including problems with the steering system and a foil, Caudrelier and the Gitana team worked hard to repair and be ready for this race.

A popular and highly respected racer and leader among his peers, this is Caudrelier’s biggest solo success and finally fulfils his youthful dreams of winning a singlehanded race around the world. The victory also establishes him further as one of the best skippers among the French greats.

Along his route, Caudrelier set a new record for the Indian Ocean and then proved he knew how to moderate his pace to look after his high-tech flying ULTIM and give himself and the emblematic Gitana team the best chance of completing the course.

With a substantial lead, Caudrelier put his race on hold, sailing at very slow speeds for more than 36 hours in the eastern Pacific, to avoid a storm at Cape Horn. He also sat out Storm Louis, stopping in the safety of the Azores last week to avoid any additional risk that might have jeopardised his win.

Charles Caudrelier's Ultim Challenge Solo Multihull Race Around the World Victory in Figures

Finish time: 8 h 37 min 42 sec
Race time: 50 days 19 hours 7 min 42 sec
Miles travelled: 28 938,03 miles
Actual average speed: 23,74 knots
Average speed on the Great Circle: 19,93 knots

Published in Ultim Challenge

Jason Carroll’s MOD70 Argo (USA) crossed the finish line outside Port Louis Marina, Grenada, on Saturday, 13th January 2024, at 22:34:30 UTC to take Multihull Line Honours in the 10th edition of the RORC Transatlantic Race in an elapsed time of 06d 10h 34m 30s.

The Argo crew pictured below before starting were: Jason Carroll, Chad Corning, Pete Cumming, Charlie Ogletree, Alister Richardson and Brian Thompson.

Team Argo - Race crew and shore team dockside before the start at Marina Lanzarote, with José Juan Calero, CEO of Calero Marinas Photo: Robert Hajduk/RORCTeam Argo - Race crew and shore team dockside before the start at Marina Lanzarote, with José Juan Calero, CEO of Calero Marinas Photo: Robert Hajduk/RORC

Live results here

Published in RORC Transatlantic

Swords Sailing Club (SSBC) hosted the 2023 Eastern Championships in the multihull class on September 2nd and 3rd, attracting a fleet of 16 boats. The event saw a total of seven races completed over two days, with wind speeds ranging from light to medium. Sunny skies and warm weather made for a very pleasant weekend of racing at Swords.

On the first day, four races were done after a one-hour delay waiting for the wind to fill in. The races were called perfectly by Race Officer Niall Gallagher from the neighbouring Malahide Yacht Club. They ran efficiently back to back on a windward leeward course, including an excellent spinnaker downwind finish line.

Race 1 saw Matt McNichol BYC and Patrick Billington WSC fly off the pin end to establish an early lead, a pattern they more or less continued for the day, establishing themselves in a commanding lead overnight.

The battle for second place battle proved very competitive, with Stephen and Siobhán Broaders SSBC claiming 2nd in r1 and r2, and Simon and Ann O'Gorman SSBC taking 2nd in r3 and r4. Both teams sat in 2nd and 3rd place with a 1-point difference overnight.

Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club - Matt McNichol BYC and Patrick Billington WSC sailing an F18Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club - Matt McNichol BYC and Patrick Billington WSC sailing an F18

Day two saw similar conditions, with three races on the slate. Race 5 saw light airs, and Stephen and Siobhán got away to reach windward first, but Matt and Patrick found their way past them at a tricky leeward end. Simon and Ann stayed in touch to claim 1st on schrs handicap.

Race 6, with breeze kicking in, saw David Biddulph and Orlaith Sweeny SSBC come into form and sail a great race to claim 1st. Stephen and Siobhán finished ahead of Simon and Ann to set up a final race showdown between the two.

Simon and Ann O'Gorman retain the Donny McKay H5.9 trophy and second overall sailing a Hurricane 5.9sx at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating ClubSimon and Ann O'Gorman retain the Donny McKay H5.9 trophy and second overall sailing a Hurricane 5.9sx at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club

Race 7 saw Matt and Patrick return to winning ways, claiming the final race win. But the battle for second overall was won by Simon and Ann by a single point, leaving Stephen and Siobhán in 3rd overall.

Simon and Ann retained the Donny McKay H5.9 trophy and 2nd overall sailing a Hurricane 5.9sx. Sean Lemonnier and Aly Osullivan GBSC won the junior fleet sailing a spitfire. Shane Peal and Jackie Malone SSBC won class 2, sailing a Dart16x.

The Eastern champions were Matt McNichol BYC and Patrick Billington WSC, sailing an F18. 

Results are below

Third overall - Stephen and Siobhán Broaders SSBC sailing an F18 at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating ClubThird overall - Stephen and Siobhán Broaders SSBC sailing an F18 at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club

Sean Lemonnier & Aly O'Sullivan GBSC win the junior fleet sailing a Spitfire at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating ClubSean Lemonnier & Aly O'Sullivan GBSC win the junior fleet sailing a Spitfire at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club

 Shane Peal & Jackie Malone SSBC win class 2, sailing a Dart16x at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club Shane Peal & Jackie Malone SSBC win class 2, sailing a Dart16x at the Multihull Eastern champions at Swords Sailing and Boating Club

Published in Racing
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Adrian Allen and Barry Swanston from Ballyholme regained the Irish title at Antrim Boat Club last weekend after an exciting high wind tussle with the 2022 Champions Matt and James McNicholl.

Runner up was Wyatt Orsmonde, crewed by Tom Murphy (SSBC) and in third place it was the Galway pair, Yannick Lemonnier and Laurik Mattieu.

Sean Lemonnier and Ally O'Sullivan from Galway Bay Sailing Club won the Junior prize.

Antrim Boat Club lies on the sheltered northeastern shore of Lough Neagh, the largest freshwater lake in the UK. It is pleasantly situated in woodland and has a safe area of about six square miles for racing, while at any time never being out of sight of land.

Yannick Lemonnier and Laurik Mattieu in their multihull from Galway Bay Sailing ClubYannick Lemonnier and Laurik Mattieu in their multihull from Galway Bay Sailing Club

The fleet came from the four corners of Ireland, with one competitor Wyatt Orsmond flying in from Portugal.

Saturday's four races were sailed in fantastic Lough Neagh conditions of 15 - 20 knot winds, with no quarter being given between five of the leading catamarans. The rest of the fleet, including two talented Junior sailors from Galway, swapped positions throughout the racing. At the end of the day, Adrian and Barry had a small lead over last year's champions, all to play for on Sunday.

Close Multihulls racing on Lough Neagh Photo: Richard SwanstonClose Multihulls racing on Lough Neagh Photo: Richard Swanston

Sunday brought sunshine and calmer weather, and three races would be held in the lighter airs. Lough Neagh served up flukey lake conditions with sharp increases of breeze from mirror-like flat water. Racing got underway in a solid force 2-3, the two leaders jousted with each other only to find Matt McMurtry and Emma Greer and Watt and Tom Murphy ruining the party, a four-way fight now.

Unfortunately, the last race had to be abandoned after the wind came up briefly to 25 knots and dropped to 5 -10 knots to allow the course to be changed, and race started then abandoned as it switched twice through 180 degrees and disappeared.

Race Officer was the expert Aidan Pounder on a difficult day for race management, and it was remarked that “ The IMA sincerely thanks all at Antrim Boat Club and their members for their enthusiasm and friendliness.
The club is a superb example of the organisation for an excellent championship”.

Irish Open Multihull Championship results 2023Irish Open Multihull Championship results 2023

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This past weekend at boot Düsseldorf was a big one for Dun Laoghaire-based agents MGM Boats, with the world premiere of Jeanneau’s new DB/37 and the launch of the electric Delphia 10 Lounge — as well as the reveal of the new flagship of Prestige’s M-Line in the M8.

Following the M48, the first in the M-Line that was launched last year, the multihull M8 promises an unprecedented experience: to live in perfect harmony with the sea on smooth, serene cruises, more respectful of the environment with a reduced fuel consumption.

The M8 also aims to redefine the onboard experience with a living area of more than 270 sq m “unequalled in its category” and twin hulls ensuring natural stability and excellent seaworthiness.

The M8 is being touted as ‘a true villa on the sea’, to which this artist’s impression of the interior can testify | Credit: Prestige YachtsThe M8 is being touted as ‘a true villa on the sea’, to which this artist’s impression of the interior can testify | Credit: Prestige Yachts

“The M8, flagship of the M-Line by Prestige, represents the quintessence of our savoir-faire in terms of design, elegance, and fit and finish,” says Erwin Bamps, vice president of Prestige.

“I would like to underscore the unique character of Prestige, the only Franco-Italian yacht builder in the world, today, combining the French mastery of serial production and Italian heritage in large yacht construction.”

While remaining faithful to Prestige’s identity, the M8 features a distinctive hull, designed from the start uniquely for a motor yacht.

Living is easy onboard the M8, its creators promise | Credit: Prestige YachtsLiving is easy onboard the M8, its creators promise | Credit: Prestige Yachts

The result is a multihull that is less wide but taller than a sailing catamaran, offering unequalled surface area and dimensions, which Prestige says is never before seen in existing monohulls and multihulls on the market.

“The M8 is a true villa on the sea,” says its designer, Camillo Garroni. “The layout, living spaces, ease of movement and safety on board have been designed to optimise the experience of the owners and their family.”

Discover new horizons, get closer to nature and reconnect with yourself and others in a spacious, refined, bright environment with the M8 from Prestige. There’s more on the Prestige website — and if you’re at boot Düsseldorf this week, meet the team from MGM Boats for details.

Published in MGM Boats

This year’s RORC Caribbean 600 features a spectacular MOCRA Class with 10 multihulls in action. Whilst the overall winner of the RORC Caribbean 600 will be the monohull with best corrected time under IRC, racing under the MOCRA rating rule, many of the multihull class of 2022 are new to the race and the winner, after time correction, is wide open. The 600-mile RORC classic will headline a Line Honours re-match for three 70-foot trimarans which went hard and fast for the line in this year’s RORC Transatlantic Race.

Giovanni Soldini’s Multi70 Maserati (ITA) won the 3,000-mile race by a paper-thin margin and also holds the RORC Caribbean 600 Race Record (2019 - 30 hours, 49 minutes, 00 seconds). Peter Cunningham’s PowerPlay (CAY) and Jason Carroll’s Argo (USA) will be looking to push Maserati all the way for the 2022 RORC Caribbean 600. PowerPlay took Line Honours in 2020 by less than five minutes from Argo, with Maserati third. The wild card for Multihull Line Honours is Antoine Rabaste’s Ultim’Emotion 2 (FRA), which has a waterline advantage over the three 70-foot trimarans. The multihull leader on the water is expected to change many times - be prepared for a photo-finish, potentially at record pace.

“The RORC Caribbean 600 is a very different race to the RORC Transatlantic. We will have more crew because of the many manoeuvres around the course,” commented Maserati’s Giovanni Soldini. “For sure Maserati is a faster boat than our record race in 2019, but to break it will depend on the conditions. Compared to Argo and PowerPlay our best wind angle is downwind above 16 knots when we are very quick, but on a tight reach, the competition can be just as fast. For Maserati the best performance will come if we stay in pressure and make good manoeuvres. We have a plan for rounding every island, but that can change in a moment depending on the situation of other boats and if the wind direction changes. I am sure it will be a fantastic race!”

This year’s race has attracted a fascinating entry of multihulls, all of which are very capable of winning the MOCRA Class. With 10 teams entered, this is the second-largest entry for multihulls in the 14-year history of the RORC Caribbean 600.

Christian Guyader’s Saveol (FRA) skippered by Gwen Chapalain, and Club 5 Oceans (FRA) sailed by Quentin le Nabour are both ORC50s; a new class for the 2022 Route du Rhum. Light-weight, with a huge sail area and rotating mast, Guyader Saveol and Club 5 Oceans are capable of finishing the race in under 48 hours. Club 5 Oceans put in a great performance for the 2022 RORC Transatlantic Race, finishing the 3,000-mile course in under 12 days. For the RORC Caribbean 600, Club 5 Oceans will race with 10 crew, mainly from Russia. Christian Guyader racing Guyader Saveol is taking part in his second RORC Caribbean 600 and has an all-French crew of six. This year’s race is very much unfinished business for Guyader, having failed to complete the course in 2018.

Vincent Willemart’s TS42 Banzai (BEL) will race with just four on board, all from Belgium. Banzai was third in the MOCRA Class for the 2021 Rolex Fastnet Race, beating Argo and Maserati after time correction. Vincent Willemart has a formidable track record racing with the RORC, winning the 2014 RORC Season’s Points Championship overall with his MC34 Azawakh.

Gilles Lamire’s Groupe GCA-1001 Sourires (FRA) is a proven winner; the Ocean Fifty (ex Multi50) won class in the 2019 Transat Jacques Vabres, racing two-handed with Antoine Carpentier. Groupe GCA is all-carbon, flying on foils and capable of 40 knots of boat speed! Lamire is taking part in his second RORC Caribbean 600 having podiumed in 2018 with French Tech Caraîbos.

Selika, skippered by Andrew Bland, is a new concept from the drawing board of Frers Yacht Design. The bluewater performance catamaran has the latest foiling package and will have an international crew of eight. With a full interior and a powerful sail configuration, Selika will revel in big airs and sea state. Aldo Fumagalli’s Neel 47 Minimole (ITA) is a Marc Lombard design. The smallest multihull in the race, with a full interior weighing in at just over 10,000 kg, Minimole has little chance of keeping up with the sporty larger multis, but has a significantly lower MOCRA rating than the entire class.

Published in RORC
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Multihull boatyards have revealed some information about 2022, with the trend moving towards catamarans and trimarans that increasingly focus on performance, the technical aspects, comfort, finishings and interior design.

That's the view of the organisers of the 13th multi-hull show that gets underway in LA GRANDE MOTTE (Hérault) in the South of France in April. 

The seaside resort in Occitanie with its harbour in the centre of the town will become the “Multihull Capital” for five days when it hosts this event from April 20 to 24th. 

The line–up for 2022 looks exceptional in terms of the quantity and range of boats, and if we listen to what the builders are telling us, there is much more to come, because sailing on two or three hulls whips up a lot of enthusiasm.

Here are just a few of the premieres expected: 

  • Balance 482 / BALANCE shipyard (United-States)
  • BALI 4.4 / CATANA group (France)
  • CATANA OCEAN CLASS / CATANA group (France)
  • C-CAT 48 / C-Catamans shipyard (Italy)
  • Dragonfly 40 Ultimate / Dragonfly shipyard (Danemark)
  • Lagoon 51 / Lagoon shipyard, Beneteau group (France)
  • Libertist 853 / Libertist Yachts shipyard (Poland)
  • ORC 57 / Marsaudon Composites shipyard (France)
  • Nautitech 44 Open / Nautitech shipyard (France), BAVARIA group
  • CK67 / Squalt Marine International (Tunisia)
  • Leopard 46PC / Robertson & Caine shipyard (South Africa)
  • Windelo 54 / Windelo shipyard (France)
Published in Boatyards
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After an intense Atlantic battle, Giovanni Soldini's Multi70 (ITA) Maserati has crossed the finish line first in the 8th edition of the RORC Transatlantic Race, finishing at: 05:51:41 UTC in Grenada on Saturday 15 January to take Multihull Line Honours.

Next to cross the finish line off Camper & Nicholsons Port Louis Marina, Grenada was Peter Cunningham's MOD70 PowerPlay at: 06 46 42 UTC.

Skipper Giovanni Soldini and crew (Vittorio Bissaro, Oliver Herrera Perez, Thomas Joffrin, Francesco Pedol and Matteo Soldini,) with Media man, Alberto Origone on Multi70 Maserati before the startSkipper Giovanni Soldini and crew (Vittorio Bissaro, Oliver Herrera Perez, Thomas Joffrin, Francesco Pedol and Matteo Soldini,) with Media man, Alberto Origone on Multi70 Maserati before the start

Published in RORC Transatlantic

The Irish Multihull Committee has postponed its Eastern Championships at Wicklow Sailing Club and the Irish Open Championships at Swords Sailing Club due to Covid 19.

Both events will now take place in 2021.

Ballyholme Yacht Club has agreed to upgrade the 'Weekend of Speed' on October 17th and18th to the Irish Open Championships for the multihull fleet. The weekend will also see 49er and 29er skiffs in action on Belfast Lough.

The last of three Irish Multihull events this year will be the Northerns at Ballyholme Yacht Club on Belfast Lough on 17th and 18th October. It also has the grand title of Weekend of Speed, rescheduled due to COVID 19. Before the finale are the Easterns at Wicklow, on 5th/6th September, rescheduled due to the now cancelled Round Ireland race being on the same weekend. The Nationals are at Swords on 18th and 19th September. For the Weekend of Speed World F18 Championship Race Officer Robin Gray will be keeping the fleet in on their toes in Belfast Lough.

At BYC an expected fleet of over ten Multihulls will be joined by ten to fifteen 29ers, and ten 49ers, the latter to include Olympic campaigners Ryan Seaton and Seafra Guilfoyle, the under 23 World champions, Robert Dickson and Sean Waddilove; Matt McGovern and other up and coming youth 49ers.

 Chair of the IMA Richard Swanston says " We are bringing in some innovative initiatives to encourage as many competitors as is possible (given the restraints of COVID) to support the efforts of the host Yacht Clubs. To that end there is a 50% Discount on all I.M.A. entry fees including Saturday evening food and a travellers' incentive for competitors who enter all three events. A bonus is free entry to the final event of the year at Ballyholme if all events have been attended but to avail of the discounts, competitors must pre-enter. It is essential to enable the clubs to organise race committees, food etc. in what are very difficult times". He adds " We have invited overseas competitors to attend any event with a free entry".

Published in Belfast Lough
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Irish Fishing industry 

The Irish Commercial Fishing Industry employs around 11,000 people in fishing, processing and ancillary services such as sales and marketing. The industry is worth about €1.22 billion annually to the Irish economy. Irish fisheries products are exported all over the world as far as Africa, Japan and China.

FAQs

Over 16,000 people are employed directly or indirectly around the coast, working on over 2,000 registered fishing vessels, in over 160 seafood processing businesses and in 278 aquaculture production units, according to the State's sea fisheries development body Bord Iascaigh Mhara (BIM).

All activities that are concerned with growing, catching, processing or transporting fish are part of the commercial fishing industry, the development of which is overseen by BIM. Recreational fishing, as in angling at sea or inland, is the responsibility of Inland Fisheries Ireland.

The Irish fishing industry is valued at 1.22 billion euro in gross domestic product (GDP), according to 2019 figures issued by BIM. Only 179 of Ireland's 2,000 vessels are over 18 metres in length. Where does Irish commercially caught fish come from? Irish fish and shellfish is caught or cultivated within the 200-mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ), but Irish fishing grounds are part of the common EU "blue" pond. Commercial fishing is regulated under the terms of the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), initiated in 1983 and with ten-yearly reviews.

The total value of seafood landed into Irish ports was 424 million euro in 2019, according to BIM. High value landings identified in 2019 were haddock, hake, monkfish and megrim. Irish vessels also land into foreign ports, while non-Irish vessels land into Irish ports, principally Castletownbere, Co Cork, and Killybegs, Co Donegal.

There are a number of different methods for catching fish, with technological advances meaning skippers have detailed real time information at their disposal. Fisheries are classified as inshore, midwater, pelagic or deep water. Inshore targets species close to shore and in depths of up to 200 metres, and may include trawling and gillnetting and long-lining. Trawling is regarded as "active", while "passive" or less environmentally harmful fishing methods include use of gill nets, long lines, traps and pots. Pelagic fisheries focus on species which swim close to the surface and up to depths of 200 metres, including migratory mackerel, and tuna, and methods for catching include pair trawling, purse seining, trolling and longlining. Midwater fisheries target species at depths of around 200 metres, using trawling, longlining and jigging. Deepwater fisheries mainly use trawling for species which are found at depths of over 600 metres.

There are several segments for different catching methods in the registered Irish fleet – the largest segment being polyvalent or multi-purpose vessels using several types of gear which may be active and passive. The polyvalent segment ranges from small inshore vessels engaged in netting and potting to medium and larger vessels targeting whitefish, pelagic (herring, mackerel, horse mackerel and blue whiting) species and bivalve molluscs. The refrigerated seawater (RSW) pelagic segment is engaged mainly in fishing for herring, mackerel, horse mackerel and blue whiting only. The beam trawling segment focuses on flatfish such as sole and plaice. The aquaculture segment is exclusively for managing, developing and servicing fish farming areas and can collect spat from wild mussel stocks.

The top 20 species landed by value in 2019 were mackerel (78 million euro); Dublin Bay prawn (59 million euro); horse mackerel (17 million euro); monkfish (17 million euro); brown crab (16 million euro); hake (11 million euro); blue whiting (10 million euro); megrim (10 million euro); haddock (9 million euro); tuna (7 million euro); scallop (6 million euro); whelk (5 million euro); whiting (4 million euro); sprat (3 million euro); herring (3 million euro); lobster (2 million euro); turbot (2 million euro); cod (2 million euro); boarfish (2 million euro).

Ireland has approximately 220 million acres of marine territory, rich in marine biodiversity. A marine biodiversity scheme under Ireland's operational programme, which is co-funded by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund and the Government, aims to reduce the impact of fisheries and aquaculture on the marine environment, including avoidance and reduction of unwanted catch.

EU fisheries ministers hold an annual pre-Christmas council in Brussels to decide on total allowable catches and quotas for the following year. This is based on advice from scientific bodies such as the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. In Ireland's case, the State's Marine Institute publishes an annual "stock book" which provides the most up to date stock status and scientific advice on over 60 fish stocks exploited by the Irish fleet. Total allowable catches are supplemented by various technical measures to control effort, such as the size of net mesh for various species.

The west Cork harbour of Castletownbere is Ireland's biggest whitefish port. Killybegs, Co Donegal is the most important port for pelagic (herring, mackerel, blue whiting) landings. Fish are also landed into Dingle, Co Kerry, Rossaveal, Co Galway, Howth, Co Dublin and Dunmore East, Co Waterford, Union Hall, Co Cork, Greencastle, Co Donegal, and Clogherhead, Co Louth. The busiest Northern Irish ports are Portavogie, Ardglass and Kilkeel, Co Down.

Yes, EU quotas are allocated to other fleets within the Irish EEZ, and Ireland has long been a transhipment point for fish caught by the Spanish whitefish fleet in particular. Dingle, Co Kerry has seen an increase in foreign landings, as has Castletownbere. The west Cork port recorded foreign landings of 36 million euro or 48 per cent in 2019, and has long been nicknamed the "peseta" port, due to the presence of Spanish-owned transhipment plant, Eiranova, on Dinish island.

Most fish and shellfish caught or cultivated in Irish waters is for the export market, and this was hit hard from the early stages of this year's Covid-19 pandemic. The EU, Asia and Britain are the main export markets, while the middle Eastern market is also developing and the African market has seen a fall in value and volume, according to figures for 2019 issued by BIM.

Fish was once a penitential food, eaten for religious reasons every Friday. BIM has worked hard over several decades to develop its appeal. Ireland is not like Spain – our land is too good to transform us into a nation of fish eaters, but the obvious health benefits are seeing a growth in demand. Seafood retail sales rose by one per cent in 2019 to 300 million euro. Salmon and cod remain the most popular species, while BIM reports an increase in sales of haddock, trout and the pangasius or freshwater catfish which is cultivated primarily in Vietnam and Cambodia and imported by supermarkets here.

The EU's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), initiated in 1983, pooled marine resources – with Ireland having some of the richest grounds and one of the largest sea areas at the time, but only receiving four per cent of allocated catch by a quota system. A system known as the "Hague Preferences" did recognise the need to safeguard the particular needs of regions where local populations are especially dependent on fisheries and related activities. The State's Sea Fisheries Protection Authority, based in Clonakilty, Co Cork, works with the Naval Service on administering the EU CFP. The Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine and Department of Transport regulate licensing and training requirements, while the Marine Survey Office is responsible for the implementation of all national and international legislation in relation to safety of shipping and the prevention of pollution.

Yes, a range of certificates of competency are required for skippers and crew. Training is the remit of BIM, which runs two national fisheries colleges at Greencastle, Co Donegal and Castletownbere, Co Cork. There have been calls for the colleges to be incorporated into the third-level structure of education, with qualifications recognised as such.

Safety is always an issue, in spite of technological improvements, as fishing is a hazardous occupation and climate change is having its impact on the severity of storms at sea. Fishing skippers and crews are required to hold a number of certificates of competency, including safety and navigation, and wearing of personal flotation devices is a legal requirement. Accidents come under the remit of the Marine Casualty Investigation Board, and the Health and Safety Authority. The MCIB does not find fault or blame, but will make recommendations to the Minister for Transport to avoid a recurrence of incidents.

Fish are part of a marine ecosystem and an integral part of the marine food web. Changing climate is having a negative impact on the health of the oceans, and there have been more frequent reports of warmer water species being caught further and further north in Irish waters.

Brexit, Covid 19, EU policies and safety – Britain is a key market for Irish seafood, and 38 per cent of the Irish catch is taken from the waters around its coast. Ireland's top two species – mackerel and prawns - are 60 per cent and 40 per cent, respectively, dependent on British waters. Also, there are serious fears within the Irish industry about the impact of EU vessels, should they be expelled from British waters, opting to focus even more efforts on Ireland's rich marine resource. Covid-19 has forced closure of international seafood markets, with high value fish sold to restaurants taking a large hit. A temporary tie-up support scheme for whitefish vessels introduced for the summer of 2020 was condemned by industry organisations as "designed to fail".

Sources: Bord Iascaigh Mhara, Marine Institute, Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine, Department of Transport © Afloat 2020