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The sailing scene in Ireland has lost three significant figures this past week with the deaths of Liam Shanahan of Dun Laoghaire, Mick Hunt of Howth, and Sean Flood of The Baily overlooking Dublin Bay. They were very much distinctive individuals, as they expressed themselves afloat mainly through different areas of sailing – sometimes very different. Yet all had a “can do, let’s get on with it” approach to life and to boats, with a level of commitment that is increasingly rare in these tasting menu times, in which those of us still on the planet find ourselves in a painfully new era.

For sure, the three men had plenty of other interests. But all three were increasingly out of sync with today’s casual approach of hopping from one thing to another in as short a space of time as possible. They were men for the long haul and total dedication, with Liam Shanahan a pillar of Irish cruiser-racing, Mick Hunt a pace setter and exemplar in the traditional boat revival movement, and Sean Flood actively dedicated in multiple areas afloat, with much of his maritime attention in later years given to sail training.

 Tall ships at sea. In his later years, Sean Flood gave sail training the same longterm undivided attention he’d given to dinghy racing and then cruiser-racers earlier in his extensive sailing career Tall ships at sea. In his later years, Sean Flood gave sail training the same longterm undivided attention he’d given to dinghy racing and then cruiser-racers earlier in his extensive sailing career

FOCUS ON BEST USE OF BOATS

Thus while family and friends were everything to them, somehow they also found the mental space and energy to run successful businesses while still being able to re-focus on boats and their best use. They did so in a way that may have been time-consuming, but not a moment of that time was wasted, and the result was three sailing careers of international standard.

FROM THE LONG HAUL TO THE BRIEF BUZZ

Yet today, the expectation is of instant fulfillment and the glitter of fame in a minimum of time. We have moved from the long haul to the brief buzz. And in sailing this becomes most painfully obvious when our sport - which is best experienced and observed as an active participant - twists itself into unnatural formats in order to comply with live television coverage requirements.

Thus the more interesting the televised sport becomes to the casual viewer, then almost inevitably the less interesting it is to those who really do go out sailing. The classic case in point - and one to which we’ve referred several times in this connection - is the America’s Cup series of 1987 at Perth. In it, a genuine deeply-involved sailor can be fascinated by footage of one 12 Metre gradually and ever-so-slowly inching ahead of another while racing to windward at the top end of the permissible wind strength.

 Breezy windward work for match-racing 12 Metres makes for fascinating viewing for a dedicated sailor, but the casual observer’s interest soon wanes Breezy windward work for match-racing 12 Metres makes for fascinating viewing for a dedicated sailor, but the casual observer’s interest soon wanes

BORING FOR CASUAL VIEWER

But the casual viewer almost immediately finds that boring, yet might be drawn to a modern America’s Cup race where the decidedly un-boatlike foiling machines race round a tame course at ludicrous speeds, and it’s all done and dusted within half an hour.

However, it’s only with limited success in viewing numbers. For if you’re trying to pitch sailing into the top-end viewable sports category, then why try to rival Formula 1 racing when people can quickly turn to the latest and very real incident-filled Formula 1 event?

Now this did make them sit up and pay attention. The MOD 70 Trimaran Spindrift capsizes while racing in Dublin Bay in September 2013. But it was publicity with a serious cost – a crewman spent a prolonged period in a Dublin hospital with a severely fractured pelvisNow this did make them sit up and pay attention. The MOD 70 Trimaran Spindrift capsizes while racing in Dublin Bay in September 2013. But it was publicity with a serious cost – a crewman spent a prolonged period in a Dublin hospital with a severely fractured pelvis

Equally, there’s the eternal fascination of human interest. In an intensely-covered, successfully-televised arena sports event, you’ll find that the key moments are when the cameras focus on the faces of those most actively involved, with some faces and people much more watchable than others. Thus in his glory days, many fans would have preferred to watch Tiger Woods playing golf badly rather than view some characterless nonentity playing it well. There was powerful interaction between spectators and the high-visible star. Yet modern America’s Cup helms and crews really have become the faceless men, and it’s difficult for their personalities to emerge after the event, when all you can see during the racing is a protective helmet.

Playing to the gallery – Volvo World Race skipper Ken Read hits the right note during the Galway stopover. Photo Tourism IrelandPlaying to the gallery – Volvo World Race skipper Ken Read hits the right note during the Galway stopover. Photo Tourism Ireland

THE UPWARD TREND TOWARDS SIGNATURE EVENTS

But difficult and all as it is for sailing to find a foothold in the crowded space of sport’s top levels, within the sport there is this clearly discernible upwards trend in event success in terms of boat numbers. As Peter Ryan of ISORA had dolefully pointed out in contemplating the very muted interest in last night’s concluding race of the offshore season, signature events like the Round Ireland, the Dun Laoghaire to Dingle, and ultimately the Fastnet Race are sucking the energy and oxygen out of ordinary offshore racing.

ISORA’s Peter Ryan of the National YC reckons that signature events suck the oxygen and energy out of “ordinary” racing.ISORA’s Peter Ryan of the National YC reckons that signature events suck the oxygen and energy out of “ordinary” racing

There are those who would point out that staging an overnight offshore race in the weekend of the Autumn Equinox is almost a guarantee of interest failure, particularly when the Championship is already decided with Paul O’Higgins’ JPK 10.80 Rockabill VI (RIYC) the overall winner.

“We are the Champions”. Even with a final race scheduled for last night, Rockabill VI (Paul O’Higgins) of the Royal Irish YC were already the 2023 ISORA Champions. Photo Afloat.ie/David O’Brien“We are the Champions”. Even with a final race scheduled for last night, Rockabill VI (Paul O’Higgins) of the Royal Irish YC were already the 2023 ISORA Champions. Photo Afloat.ie/David O’Brien

But in this case, Peter Ryan is drawing attention to a rather extreme instance in order to highlight a season-long trend. Cruiser-racer crews are only human, and many share the widespread enjoyment of possibly seeing their name up in lights if they can work their way onto the podium in even one race in a major highly-publicised series such as the Volvo Dun Laoghaire Regatta.

That’s highly-publicised by sailing standards, which inevitably is not very high at all unless there are serious accidents involved. But it’s the best that’s going. Yet meanwhile, as a longterm and very keen offshore racer, Ryan becomes the complete iconoclast by also lamenting the adverse effect that modern technology can have on his branch of the sport.

DRAWBACKS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY

The detailed efficacy of weather forecasts means, he says, that crews may not make the final commitment to taking part until very near the event, as they have no wish to go to sea in order to be becalmed for a long time in zero wind, or battered – sometimes expensively – by too much of it.

Then in warming to his theme, Ryan takes a swipe at Race Trackers, claiming that in the old days you often hadn’t a clue at the finish as to how well you’d done in that over-crowded profession of doing the best you can. It was a fascinating situation which greatly added to the liveliness of the post-race party when the results were finally issued. But with YellowBrick and its rivals in general use, you have a fair idea by mid race.

 Back in the day, navigation with sextants was seen by some as part of the proper package for offshore racing Photo: Valery Vasilesvky  Back in the day, navigation with sextants was seen by some as part of the proper package for offshore racing Photo: Valery Vasilesvky 

Remembering the battles there used to be as to whether or not the now-quaint Decca navigation system was permissible on offshore racers, there’s no escaping the trend. Indeed, it could be argued that it is all leading to AI bots racing remotely-controlled boats while the rest of us savour the experience through various electronic ways.

Yet surely the ultimate artificiality is trying to stage events with a ban on the best of modern equipment? Even the setting of spending limits has a phoney air to it. And like it or not, there’s something sad about re-enactments, even if we’ve had them back the beginnings of civilisation with the theatrical dramas of ancient Greece.

At least those involved in acting and theatrical re-enactments will ultimately acknowledge they are actors. In fact, they make a profession out of pretending to be someone else. But Liam Shanahan snr, Mick Hunt and Sean Flood had no doubt that they were themselves, and lived their lives ashore and afloat accordingly.

LEADERSHIP NEEDED, RATHER THAN FICKLE FASHION

As we face into this weird new world of reality intertwined with artificiality in every aspect of our lives, we need the firmly-based example of such people simply to cope. And we need to be able to discern between populism and leadership. In sailing as in other sports, there are those who operate on the system of “I am their leader, which way do they want to go?”

An impressive force for the good in Irish sailing - the late Denis Doyle of CorkAn impressive force for the good in Irish sailing - the late Denis Doyle of Cork

But there are, and always have been, those who know when to step in and give clear unequivocal leadership. One of the best examples was the late Denis Doyle of Cork, who has been gone from among us for far too long. It was he who, when others dithered, stepped in and provided space in his boatyard for Tim Severin to built his St Brendan Currach in 1976. And when the Round Ireland Race was struggling to gain acceptance after its inauguration in 1980, Denis brought Moonduster round from Cork to Wicklow for the 1982 race, and his example then - and in subsequent races – set up the Round Ireland as a major fixture.

Admittedly, that meant that in the long run, he was encouraging a signature event which in due course, might weaken other races. But that’s the way it is. When choices have to be made, they have to be made thoughtfully and firmly, and then adhered to in a way which provides true leadership.

Putting the new Round Ireland show on the road to success – Denis Doyle’s Moonduster approaching Wicklow to take line honours in the second Round Ireland Race in 1982. Photo WSCPutting the new Round Ireland show on the road to success – Denis Doyle’s Moonduster approaching Wicklow to take line honours in the second Round Ireland Race in 1982. Photo WSC

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The canting keel Elliott 57, Opal, skippered by Frank Whelan of Greystones, will compete in Friday's ISORA Viking Marine Coastal night race from Dun Laoghaire.

According to organisers, the likely course will be 20 miles along the Dublin and Wicklow coast to the Molutditch buoy off Greystones Harbour and back.

The list of eight starters (below) includes two Beneteau 34.7s and two Sunfast 3600s for the last six-race series off the Dublin coast but recently crowned overall 2023 ISORA Champion Rockabill VI (Paul O'Higgins) is not racing.

As regular Afloat readers know, this Dun Laoghaire Harbour-based race was postponed due to gales on August 18th. 

The Molutditch buoy off Greystones is the likely turning mark in Friday's ISORA night race Photo: AfloatThe Molutditch buoy off Greystones, County Wicklow is the likely turning mark in Friday's ISORA night race Photo: Afloat

A start time of 18.30 has been set by organisers to get all boats back to the National Yacht Club by 10 pm.

The final course will be published on Friday morning. 

Simon Knowles's J109 Indian from Howth will compete in the ISORA Night RaceSimon Knowles's J109 Indian from Howth will compete in the ISORA Night Race

Meanwhile, ISORA is mourning the loss of one of its stalwarts with the death of Liam Shanahan Snr this week, as Afloat reports here.

Friday's ISORA night raceFriday's ISORA night race starters

Update at 12 noon (Friday, September 22): ISORA Night Race course is confirmed. Usual Dun Laoghaire start at the outfall buoy, Muglins (S), Moulditch (P), Muglins (P), and finishes between the pier heads. The start time for all classes is 18.30. VHF Ch17.

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21st September 2023

Liam Shanahan Snr

Afloat.ie regret to record the death of National Yacht Club member and former Trustee Mr. Liam Shanahan Snr.

Liam and his wife Emir and family have been stalwart members of the National Yacht Club at Dun Laoghaire Harbour for many years. 

"Together with their family, the Shanahans have made a huge and positive impact on many aspects of Club life", National Yacht Club Commodore Peter Sherry said last night.

"Always willing to help with the management of functions and events, they epitomised the true ethos of family membership", the Commodore added.

"Liam brought his very extensive experience as a successful businessman to bear for the benefit of the Club, which was greatly appreciated by every Commodore he supported during his long term as Club Trustee", he said.

An offshore racer, Liam was at the top of the sport in the 1980s and '90s in both Irish Sea and Round Ireland Race campaigns. "Liam was a stalwart of offshore racing and ISORA from its early days, racing boats like “Emircedes“ and “Lightning", ISORA Chairman Peter Ryan told Afloat. 

A former crew on Shanahan campaigns, and the Chairman of the NYC's Dun Laoghaire to Dingle Race, Adam Winkelmann, expressed his condolences online saying: "Sincere condolences to Emir and the whole Shanahan family. Truly the end of an era for many of us who were mentored in offshore and life skills by Liam. So many fond memories of time at sea and onshore together. Truly a life lived to the full. Rest in peace Liam and thank you for it all". 

The National Yacht Club ensign will be flown at half-mast in his memory, and a minute's silence will be observed at the next club committee meeting.

A full appreciation of this very special figure in the Dublin and Irish sailing world will appear in due course; meanwhile, our heartfelt condolences are with his family and very many friends throughout Ireland and abroad.

The funeral arrangements are here

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The last race in the ISORA Viking Marine Coastal Series for the Vincent Farrell trophy will be sailed on Friday, 22nd September.

As regular Afloat readers know, the Dun Laoghaire Harbour-based race was postponed due to gales on August 18th. 

The race is the last of a six series off the Dublin coast.

A start time of 18.30 has been set by organisers with the aim of getting all boats back to the National Yacht Club by 10 pm.

While boats entered for the original race are entered for this rescheduled race, new entries are also being accepted.

In a busy end to September for coastal sailing fans, the rescheduling means the race now runs two days before the annual DMYC Dublin Bay Kish Race on September 24th.

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Despite placing fourth and a strong final challenge from Welsh yachts in Saturday's end-of-season ISORA cross-channel race, Paul O'Higgins's Rockabill VI of Dun Laoghaire maintained her overall advantage and was crowned 2023 ISORA champion by a 3.1 points difference.

In the 20-hour James Eadie Cup race light air climax, Pwllheli sailors were to the fore and saw Andrew & Sam Hall's J125 Jackknife from Pwllheli Sailing Club (PSC) take the gun. Clubmate Cris Miles in the J111 Jezebel GBR was second, with the defending champions Peter Dunlop & Victoria Cox, also from PSC, third in their J109 Mojito.

After a 19-race Musto-sponsored offshore season where her best five scores counted, O'Higgins's JPK 10.80 Rockabill VI is back on top of the Irish offshore scene, and her Dun Laoghaire Harbour crew will lift the Wolf's Head Trophy at ISORA's annual prizegiving in November. 

Finishing second overall is Class One winner Mojito, with Jackknife third.

Mark and Jo Thompson's Sunfast 3200i Jac Y Do Sunfast 3200i, also of PSC, was the class Two winner.

The RIYC champion returns to inshore waters next Friday for the ICRA National Championships at Howth, where Rockabill VI competes in Class Zero according to class bands just released by organisers.

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The last ISORA cross-channel race of 2023 takes place this Saturday (September 2nd), and there are early indications of a 12-boat turnout for the Irish offshore season's closing fixture.

The 60-mile James C Eadie Cup Race from Pwllheli in North Wales to Dun Laoghaire Harbour follows an intense weekend of ISORA racing at Strangford Lough in mid-August, where the stage was set for an exciting end-of-season climax to decide the overall Wolf's Head Trophy.

Clear overall winners have emerged for Class 1 and 2, but there will be a fight in Class Zero.

As Afloat previously reported, overall leader Rockabill VI's (Paul O'Higgins of the Royal Irish) absence at the Strangford weekend means her overall lead has been eroded.

Defending ISORA champion Mojito (Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop, Pwllheli SC) is lying second in the hunt for the 2023 Wolf's Head TrophyDefending ISORA champion Mojito (Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop, Pwllheli SC) is lying second in the hunt for the 2023 Wolf's Head Trophy

The Northern Ireland race winners were the defending ISORA champion Mojito (Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop, Pwllheli SC) and Jackknife (Andrew Hall, Pwllheli SC) and are now snapping at Rockabill VI's heels.

The J125 Jackknife (Andrew Hall, Pwllheli SC) is lying third overall in ISORA's offshore points table Photo: AfloatThe J125 Jackknife (Andrew Hall, Pwllheli SC) is lying third overall in ISORA's offshore points table Photo: Afloat

The JPK 10.80 Rockabill VI is on 526.1 points and has an eight-point advantage over the J109 Mojito on 518.0, with the J125 Jackknife on 488.4.

The 2023 ISORA John Eadie Race from Pwllheli in North Wales to Dun Laoghaire Harbour has a 14 boat entryThe 2023 ISORA James Eadie race from Pwllheli in North Wales to Dun Laoghaire Harbour has a 14 boat entry for this Saturday, (September 2nd)

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A poor weather forecast has postponed Friday's (August 18) ISORA Night Race from Dun Laoghaire Harbour. 

The race will now be sailed on Friday, September 22, at 7 pm.

As Afloat reported earlier, the Night Race is the Final Viking Marine ISORA Coastal Fixture of 2023.

A five-hour race was planned, but ESE winds gusting to 40 knots with heavy rain are due on Dulin Bay this evening.

Ironically, the postponement may play into ISORA's hands in terms of numbers as some regular competitors, such as Leslie Parnell's Frist 34.7 Black Velvet, is yet to return to Dublin after competing at Calves Week Regatta in West Cork earlier in August.

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A course beginning and ending off Dun Laoghaire Harbour will round out the 2023 ISORA Viking Marine Coastal Series this Friday (August 18th).

The series' last race of six off Dublin Bay will start at 19.55hrs on Friday, August 18th, with the same course for all classes.

The aim is to provide a four to five-hour race. The course will be published at midday on Friday.

Download the Sailing Instructions below.

Friday's fixture follows last weekend's intense ISORA racing at Strangford Lough, which set the stage for an exciting end-of-season offshore climax to decide the Wolf's Head Trophy on September 2nd.

The entries for the ISORA 2023 ISORA Viking Marine Coastal Series Night Race The entries for the ISORA 2023 ISORA Viking Marine Coastal Series Night Race 

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Following an intense weekend of ISORA racing at Strangford Lough, the stage is set for an exciting end-of-season offshore climax to decide the Wolf's Head Trophy.

Clear overall winners are emerging for Class 1 and 2, but there will be a fight in Class Zero in ISORA's last fixture, the John Eadie Race from Pwllheli to Dun Laoghaire on September 2nd. 

Overall leader Rockabill VI's absence at the weekend (Paul O'Higgins of the Royal Irish) means her overall lead has been eroded. Race winners Mojito (Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop, Pwllheli SC) and Jackknife Andrew Hall, Pwllheli SC) at Strangford are now snapping at Rockabill VI's heels.

"Quoile Yacht Club provided an excellent host port"

The JPK 10.80 Rockabill VI is on 526.1 points and has an eight-point advantage over the J109 Mojito on 518.0, with the J125 Jackknife on 488.4.

Quoile Yacht Club provided an excellent host port for Strangford's two races. "It was a great opportunity for the ISORA fleet to experience a new and enthusiastic experience in Strangford Lough", ISORA's Peter Ryan told Afloat.  "ISORA will be regularly visiting Quoile YC in the future, " he added. 

Race 15 on Sunday started at 06.30 under the YB tracker and finished in the mid-Irish Sea close to the M2 buoy. YB tracker monitored the start to ensure no boat crossed the start line until the start time of 06.30.

ISORA Results are below

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A small but potent ISORA fleet is racing to a Strangford Lough finish this Saturday morning, and ISORA's overall Wolf's Head Trophy for 2023 is at stake.

The race got underway following a postponement due to poor weather conditions on Friday evening.

On the water, the Welsh J125 Jackknife, skippered by Andrew Hall, is heading for line honours and an overall win of the six-boat race, but Pwllheli club mate and defending champion, Mojito (Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop) are chasing hard. At 0915 on Saturday morning, Jackknife had 25 miles to go to reach the Quoile Yacht Club finish line.

ISORA Wolf's Head Trophy defending champions - The J109 Mojito of Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop from North Wales Photo: AfloatISORA Wolf's Head Trophy defending champions - The J109 Mojito of Vicky Cox and Peter Dunlop from North Wales Photo: Afloat

The Holyhead to Strangford fixture was postponed from 7.30 pm on Friday evening to 05.00 am Saturday morning.

The race is from Holyhead Sailing Club to Quoile Yacht Club in Strangford Lough.

The start and finish lines for the ISORA Race 14The start (above) and finish lines (below) for the ISORA Race 14

The start and finish lines for the ISORA Race 14

After entering the Lough by the Narrows between Portaferry and Strangford village, the fleet will stop over at the nearby Quoile Yacht Club at the southwestern end of the Lough.

A return race on Sunday, starting at 06.30 am, from Strangford to a line ranging from the M2 westwards to Ireland.

As Afloat reported earlier, this marks a new adventure for ISORA, who have spent the season so far competing in coastal and cross-channel fixtures between Dun Laoghaire and Pwllheli. The Northern Ireland-based weekend offers a fresh challenge for participants but there is some disappointment that an entry of 20 was whittled down to six at start time, with some absences also unavoidable due to a date clash with Calves Week in West Cork.

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Page 3 of 45

The Irish Coast Guard

The Irish Coast Guard is Ireland's fourth 'Blue Light' service (along with An Garda Síochána, the Ambulance Service and the Fire Service). It provides a nationwide maritime emergency organisation as well as a variety of services to shipping and other government agencies.

The purpose of the Irish Coast Guard is to promote safety and security standards, and by doing so, prevent as far as possible, the loss of life at sea, and on inland waters, mountains and caves, and to provide effective emergency response services and to safeguard the quality of the marine environment.

The Irish Coast Guard has responsibility for Ireland's system of marine communications, surveillance and emergency management in Ireland's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and certain inland waterways.

It is responsible for the response to, and co-ordination of, maritime accidents which require search and rescue and counter-pollution and ship casualty operations. It also has responsibility for vessel traffic monitoring.

Operations in respect of maritime security, illegal drug trafficking, illegal migration and fisheries enforcement are co-ordinated by other bodies within the Irish Government.

On average, each year, the Irish Coast Guard is expected to:

  • handle 3,000 marine emergencies
  • assist 4,500 people and save about 200 lives
  • task Coast Guard helicopters on missions

The Coast Guard has been around in some form in Ireland since 1908.

Coast Guard helicopters

The Irish Coast Guard has contracted five medium-lift Sikorsky Search and Rescue helicopters deployed at bases in Dublin, Waterford, Shannon and Sligo.

The helicopters are designated wheels up from initial notification in 15 minutes during daylight hours and 45 minutes at night. One aircraft is fitted and its crew trained for under slung cargo operations up to 3000kgs and is available on short notice based at Waterford.

These aircraft respond to emergencies at sea, inland waterways, offshore islands and mountains of Ireland (32 counties).

They can also be used for assistance in flooding, major inland emergencies, intra-hospital transfers, pollution, and aerial surveillance during daylight hours, lifting and passenger operations and other operations as authorised by the Coast Guard within appropriate regulations.

Irish Coastguard FAQs

The Irish Coast Guard provides nationwide maritime emergency response, while also promoting safety and security standards. It aims to prevent the loss of life at sea, on inland waters, on mountains and in caves; and to safeguard the quality of the marine environment.

The main role of the Irish Coast Guard is to rescue people from danger at sea or on land, to organise immediate medical transport and to assist boats and ships within the country's jurisdiction. It has three marine rescue centres in Dublin, Malin Head, Co Donegal, and Valentia Island, Co Kerry. The Dublin National Maritime Operations centre provides marine search and rescue responses and coordinates the response to marine casualty incidents with the Irish exclusive economic zone (EEZ).

Yes, effectively, it is the fourth "blue light" service. The Marine Rescue Sub-Centre (MRSC) Valentia is the contact point for the coastal area between Ballycotton, Co Cork and Clifden, Co Galway. At the same time, the MRSC Malin Head covers the area between Clifden and Lough Foyle. Marine Rescue Co-ordination Centre (MRCC) Dublin covers Carlingford Lough, Co Louth to Ballycotton, Co Cork. Each MRCC/MRSC also broadcasts maritime safety information on VHF and MF radio, including navigational and gale warnings, shipping forecasts, local inshore forecasts, strong wind warnings and small craft warnings.

The Irish Coast Guard handles about 3,000 marine emergencies annually, and assists 4,500 people - saving an estimated 200 lives, according to the Department of Transport. In 2016, Irish Coast Guard helicopters completed 1,000 missions in a single year for the first time.

Yes, Irish Coast Guard helicopters evacuate medical patients from offshore islands to hospital on average about 100 times a year. In September 2017, the Department of Health announced that search and rescue pilots who work 24-hour duties would not be expected to perform any inter-hospital patient transfers. The Air Corps flies the Emergency Aeromedical Service, established in 2012 and using an AW139 twin-engine helicopter. Known by its call sign "Air Corps 112", it airlifted its 3,000th patient in autumn 2020.

The Irish Coast Guard works closely with the British Maritime and Coastguard Agency, which is responsible for the Northern Irish coast.

The Irish Coast Guard is a State-funded service, with both paid management personnel and volunteers, and is under the auspices of the Department of Transport, Tourism and Sport. It is allocated approximately 74 million euro annually in funding, some 85 per cent of which pays for a helicopter contract that costs 60 million euro annually. The overall funding figure is "variable", an Oireachtas committee was told in 2019. Other significant expenditure items include volunteer training exercises, equipment, maintenance, renewal, and information technology.

The Irish Coast Guard has four search and rescue helicopter bases at Dublin, Waterford, Shannon and Sligo, run on a contract worth 50 million euro annually with an additional 10 million euro in costs by CHC Ireland. It provides five medium-lift Sikorsky S-92 helicopters and trained crew. The 44 Irish Coast Guard coastal units with 1,000 volunteers are classed as onshore search units, with 23 of the 44 units having rigid inflatable boats (RIBs) and 17 units having cliff rescue capability. The Irish Coast Guard has 60 buildings in total around the coast, and units have search vehicles fitted with blue lights, all-terrain vehicles or quads, first aid equipment, generators and area lighting, search equipment, marine radios, pyrotechnics and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). The Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) and Community Rescue Boats Ireland also provide lifeboats and crews to assist in search and rescue. The Irish Coast Guard works closely with the Garda Siochána, National Ambulance Service, Naval Service and Air Corps, Civil Defence, while fishing vessels, ships and other craft at sea offer assistance in search operations.

The helicopters are designated as airborne from initial notification in 15 minutes during daylight hours, and 45 minutes at night. The aircraft respond to emergencies at sea, on inland waterways, offshore islands and mountains and cover the 32 counties. They can also assist in flooding, major inland emergencies, intra-hospital transfers, pollution, and can transport offshore firefighters and ambulance teams. The Irish Coast Guard volunteers units are expected to achieve a 90 per cent response time of departing from the station house in ten minutes from notification during daylight and 20 minutes at night. They are also expected to achieve a 90 per cent response time to the scene of the incident in less than 60 minutes from notification by day and 75 minutes at night, subject to geographical limitations.

Units are managed by an officer-in-charge (three stripes on the uniform) and a deputy officer in charge (two stripes). Each team is trained in search skills, first aid, setting up helicopter landing sites and a range of maritime skills, while certain units are also trained in cliff rescue.

Volunteers receive an allowance for time spent on exercises and call-outs. What is the difference between the Irish Coast Guard and the RNLI? The RNLI is a registered charity which has been saving lives at sea since 1824, and runs a 24/7 volunteer lifeboat service around the British and Irish coasts. It is a declared asset of the British Maritime and Coast Guard Agency and the Irish Coast Guard. Community Rescue Boats Ireland is a community rescue network of volunteers under the auspices of Water Safety Ireland.

No, it does not charge for rescue and nor do the RNLI or Community Rescue Boats Ireland.

The marine rescue centres maintain 19 VHF voice and DSC radio sites around the Irish coastline and a digital paging system. There are two VHF repeater test sites, four MF radio sites and two NAVTEX transmitter sites. Does Ireland have a national search and rescue plan? The first national search and rescue plan was published in July, 2019. It establishes the national framework for the overall development, deployment and improvement of search and rescue services within the Irish Search and Rescue Region and to meet domestic and international commitments. The purpose of the national search and rescue plan is to promote a planned and nationally coordinated search and rescue response to persons in distress at sea, in the air or on land.

Yes, the Irish Coast Guard is responsible for responding to spills of oil and other hazardous substances with the Irish pollution responsibility zone, along with providing an effective response to marine casualties and monitoring or intervening in marine salvage operations. It provides and maintains a 24-hour marine pollution notification at the three marine rescue centres. It coordinates exercises and tests of national and local pollution response plans.

The first Irish Coast Guard volunteer to die on duty was Caitriona Lucas, a highly trained member of the Doolin Coast Guard unit, while assisting in a search for a missing man by the Kilkee unit in September 2016. Six months later, four Irish Coast Guard helicopter crew – Dara Fitzpatrick, Mark Duffy, Paul Ormsby and Ciarán Smith -died when their Sikorsky S-92 struck Blackrock island off the Mayo coast on March 14, 2017. The Dublin-based Rescue 116 crew were providing "top cover" or communications for a medical emergency off the west coast and had been approaching Blacksod to refuel. Up until the five fatalities, the Irish Coast Guard recorded that more than a million "man hours" had been spent on more than 30,000 rescue missions since 1991.

Several investigations were initiated into each incident. The Marine Casualty Investigation Board was critical of the Irish Coast Guard in its final report into the death of Caitriona Lucas, while a separate Health and Safety Authority investigation has been completed, but not published. The Air Accident Investigation Unit final report into the Rescue 116 helicopter crash has not yet been published.

The Irish Coast Guard in its present form dates back to 1991, when the Irish Marine Emergency Service was formed after a campaign initiated by Dr Joan McGinley to improve air/sea rescue services on the west Irish coast. Before Irish independence, the British Admiralty was responsible for a Coast Guard (formerly the Water Guard or Preventative Boat Service) dating back to 1809. The West Coast Search and Rescue Action Committee was initiated with a public meeting in Killybegs, Co Donegal, in 1988 and the group was so effective that a Government report was commissioned, which recommended setting up a new division of the Department of the Marine to run the Marine Rescue Co-Ordination Centre (MRCC), then based at Shannon, along with the existing coast radio service, and coast and cliff rescue. A medium-range helicopter base was established at Shannon within two years. Initially, the base was served by the Air Corps.

The first director of what was then IMES was Capt Liam Kirwan, who had spent 20 years at sea and latterly worked with the Marine Survey Office. Capt Kirwan transformed a poorly funded voluntary coast and cliff rescue service into a trained network of cliff and sea rescue units – largely voluntary, but with paid management. The MRCC was relocated from Shannon to an IMES headquarters at the then Department of the Marine (now Department of Transport) in Leeson Lane, Dublin. The coast radio stations at Valentia, Co Kerry, and Malin Head, Co Donegal, became marine rescue-sub-centres.

The current director is Chris Reynolds, who has been in place since August 2007 and was formerly with the Naval Service. He has been seconded to the head of mission with the EUCAP Somalia - which has a mandate to enhance Somalia's maritime civilian law enforcement capacity – since January 2019.

  • Achill, Co. Mayo
  • Ardmore, Co. Waterford
  • Arklow, Co. Wicklow
  • Ballybunion, Co. Kerry
  • Ballycotton, Co. Cork
  • Ballyglass, Co. Mayo
  • Bonmahon, Co. Waterford
  • Bunbeg, Co. Donegal
  • Carnsore, Co. Wexford
  • Castlefreake, Co. Cork
  • Castletownbere, Co. Cork
  • Cleggan, Co. Galway
  • Clogherhead, Co. Louth
  • Costelloe Bay, Co. Galway
  • Courtown, Co. Wexford
  • Crosshaven, Co. Cork
  • Curracloe, Co. Wexford
  • Dingle, Co. Kerry
  • Doolin, Co. Clare
  • Drogheda, Co. Louth
  • Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin
  • Dunmore East, Co. Waterford
  • Fethard, Co. Wexford
  • Glandore, Co. Cork
  • Glenderry, Co. Kerry
  • Goleen, Co. Cork
  • Greencastle, Co. Donegal
  • Greenore, Co. Louth
  • Greystones, Co. Wicklow
  • Guileen, Co. Cork
  • Howth, Co. Dublin
  • Kilkee, Co. Clare
  • Killala, Co. Mayo
  • Killybegs, Co. Donegal
  • Kilmore Quay, Co. Wexford
  • Knightstown, Co. Kerry
  • Mulroy, Co. Donegal
  • North Aran, Co. Galway
  • Old Head Of Kinsale, Co. Cork
  • Oysterhaven, Co. Cork
  • Rosslare, Co. Wexford
  • Seven Heads, Co. Cork
  • Skerries, Co. Dublin Summercove, Co. Cork
  • Toe Head, Co. Cork
  • Tory Island, Co. Donegal
  • Tramore, Co. Waterford
  • Waterville, Co. Kerry
  • Westport, Co. Mayo
  • Wicklow
  • Youghal, Co. Cork

Sources: Department of Transport © Afloat 2020