Deep-sea mining for scarce minerals and trace elements may have a “catastrophic impact” on the ocean floor, a study by the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group warns.
The International Seabed Authority (ISA), which Ireland is a member of, “lacks transparency”, and “appears committed to development of deep-sea mining, on which its existence and revenue depends”, the report says.
The report says that deep-sea habitats are “currently largely unexplored by man and far removed from all human settlements”, and it is “difficult for many people to appreciate what impacts deep sea mining might have on marine habitats and resources”.
The increasing demand for scarce minerals and trace elements used in technologies such as smart phones, electric cars and green energy is “putting greater demand on existing land-based sources of these minerals”, it points out.
As a result, “attention is being turned to opportunities in the deep seas (>200 m), where mineral deposits can be retrieved from the sea floor,” it says.
“Ireland has an extensive Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), with rich and diverse marine ecosystems, including poorly studied deep water ecosystems and species”, and “could experience emerging deep-sea mining interests in the coming decades”, it warns.
With an estimated value of $15.3 billion dollars by 2030, the development of deep-sea mining would be some of the largest planned mining operations in history, the IWDG report says.
“ Current exploration licences cover an area of 1.5 million km alone, which, if mined commercially to entirety, would be the equivalent to mining the combined area of France, Spain, Portugal, and Germany,” it says.
Exploration companies are required to submit reports to the ISA secretariat, but these reports are not disclosed to the public, and there has been no action taken against companies for breaches of exploration conditions, it contends.
“Any threat to deep-sea ecosystems should be considered as a threat to marine life, and ultimately humanity,” the report says.
“ At this point, without an independent environmental regulator and sufficient knowledge of deep-sea ecosystems and how they impact on the global environment, we are not in a position to responsibly proceed with commercial deep-sea mining, both on the high seas and within national jurisdictions,” it concludes.
It says that Ireland as a member of the ISA and various international treaties, “has a right and a duty to protect the marine environment on the high seas and within Ireland’s EEZ from transboundary effects”.
The full report is HERE
