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Displaying items by tag: Wind Turbines

Join the conversation on Ireland’s offshore wind challenges at a public information meeting at the Fitzpatrick Castle Hotel in Killiney this Tuesday 12 March at 7.30pm.

Hosted in association with Dalkey Community Council and Killiney Bay Community Council, ‘Windfarms & Wildlife: Protecting the Bay’s Habitats — Uncover the Realities, Explore the Concerns’ will hear from guest speakers Dr Michael O'Meara of the Blue Horizon citizens group and chartered environmental scientist Marie Louise Heffernan.

A nationally recognised expert in the Habitats Directive, Marie Louise Heffernan specialises in biodiversity planning in the coastal zone, has expertise in marine breeding birds and her overall interest is balancing sustainable development with environmental protection. Her presentation for Tuesday is titled ‘From Terns to Turbines: Sustaining Dublin Bay's Rich Ecology’.

Dr Michael O'Meara has a longstanding appreciation of nature and the sea, and holds the record for kayaking solo around Ireland since 2015. He brings this passion for nature and his knowledge of the sea and coastal environment to the Blue Horizon campaign which calls for a 22km turbine-free zone off the Waterford coast in order to protect marine biodiversity, the local fishing economy, seascapes and tourism interests.

Admission to this information event is free but space is limited and only a few tickets remain. Reserve your spot via Eventbrite HERE.

Published in Power From the Sea
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Concerns about fast-tracking development of near-shore wind turbines have been expressed in several coastal communities, including Connemara and the Celtic Sea.

As The Irish Times Climate and Science Editor Kevin O’Sullivan reports, residents have expressed fears about the lack of marine protection and the visual impact of turbines planned for the Sceirde Rocks off north Galway Bay.

The project involving what may be up to 30 turbines is being developed by Fuinneamh Sceirde Teo, owned by Macquarie’s Green Investment Group.

It is one of the seven first-phase offshore wind projects – six in the Irish Sea and one in Galway Bay – granted marine area consents late last year.

A spokesman for the company says the wind farm will “contribute significantly to the future development of the local area, through job opportunities and economic development”.

Fisherman Kevin Conneely told O’Sullivan that five of the seven first-phase projects granted marine area consents are in areas he fishes.

Conneely took a legal case to ensure he continued to have the right to fish at Sceirdre Rocks, and the agreement cost him 25,000 euros.

He says that if all five projects succeed, he will be “out of business”.

Mick O'Meara of Blue Horizon is part of the Blue Horizon campaign group in the south-east calling for all offshore wind projects to be located at least 22km from the Waterford coast.

Read more in The Irish Times here

Published in Power From the Sea
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A team of German scientists has suggested that offshore wind farms in the North Sea could significantly impact the ecosystem.

The scientists from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Research Institute used numerical modelling to show how there could be physical disruptions to the marine environment, along with sedimentation and wind flow from turbines.

They forecast sedimentation could increase by as much as ten per cent as a result of transforming wind into electrical power.

Increased sedimentation could occur not only at the offshore wind farm clusters, but may also distribute over a wider region, the scientists say in a paper published in scientific journal, Communications Earth and Environment.

Their model also projects an increase in sediment carbon in deeper areas of the southern North Sea due to reduced current velocities, and decreased dissolved oxygen inside an area with already low oxygen concentration.

They say that their results “provide evidence that the ongoing offshore wind farm developments can have a substantial impact on the structuring of coastal marine ecosystems on basin scales”.

The paper explains that the North Sea is a shallow shelf sea system, in which “the interactions between bathymetry, tides and a strong freshwater supply at the continental coast foster a complex frontal system, which separates well-mixed coastal waters from seasonally stratified deeper areas”.

“The shallow coastal areas and sandbanks combined with stable wind resources make the North Sea an ideal area for renewable energy production and have made the North Sea a global hotspot for offshore wind energy production,” their paper states.

“ The recently negotiated European Green Deal to support the European target to phase out dependence on fossil fuels will further accelerate the development of offshore renewable energy, and a substantial increase of installed capacity (212 GW by 2050) is planned in the North Sea as a consequence to Europe´s strategy to be carbon neutral by 2050,” their paper points out.

They explain that underwater structures, such as foundations and piles, may cause turbulent current wakes, which impact circulation, stratification, mixing, and sediment resuspension

While increased sedimentation could see the North Sea adding more “blue carbon” to its seabed, and phytoplankton productivity may increase as a result of clearer waters in some areas, muddy grounds such as those inhabited by Nephrops or prawns would be negatively impacted.

The authors explain they cannot predict with accuracy which species will benefit and suffer as a result of wind farm developments offshore.

The full paper can be read here

Published in Power From the Sea
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#WindTurbines- A first batch of tower sections for a wind turbine project arrived at Port of Waterford last week on board an Antigua and Bermuda flagged cargoship, writes Jehan Ashmore.

The cargo was the first of nine tower sections of a four-turbine wind turbine project for GE Wind that were self-discharged from BBC Orion (2007/7,223grt). The ship operated by BBC Chartering having berthed at Beliew, the Port of Waterford's Terminal.

Following unloading of the inaugural batch, the wind turbines went into storage until the wind farm is ready to accept.

The instalment was handled by Celtic Shipping Agencies Ltd. The agency has also been nominated to handle a further two projects cargoes also for GE Wind through Waterford during 2017.

Of these, the first project is for a total of 28 turbine scheduled. As for the second project this is only to involve 10 turbines to be discharged.

The agency were also in recent years responsible for the Guinness fermentation tanks transported to Dun Laoghaire Harbour. From there the tanks were taken by road for an upgrading project at St. James's Gate Brewery in Dublin.

Published in Ports & Shipping

#PowerFromTheSea - The Irish Times reports that the Marine Institute hopes to install wind turbines in Galway Bay for an offshore renewable energy trial.

Permission is being sought for up to three turbines, with a maximum height of 35m above sea level, that would be installed at different times at the current ocean energy test site off Spiddal, along with a prototype offshore power generating station that would cover an area of 37 hectares.

The entire project will open for public consultation on Monday 18 April. The Irish Times has more on the story HERE.

This story was updated to correct the previously reported 60m height of the turbines, which, according to the Marine Institute, was based on a error in the lease application form. The Marine Institute also clarified that the turbines would not be installed concurrently.

Published in Power From the Sea

#BELFAST LOUGH NEWS - A new hub for wind turbine manufacturing at Belfast Harbour is expected to the completed by the end of this year, as the Belfast Telegraph reports.

The 50-acre reclaimed site on the shores of Belfast Lough chosen by Danish energy company DONG has apparently been kept vacant or more than 50 years awaiting the right development.

When operational early next year, the new 'offshore wind logistics terminal' - which will produce wind turblines for the West of Duddon Sands Wind Farm in the Irish Sea off Cumbria in north-west England - is expected to create 300 jobs in the growing renewable energy sector. Meanwhile, 150 workers will be needed for the construction phase.

A spokesperson for Belfast Harbour described the £50 million (€63.2 million) project as "the largest ever in Belfast Harbour's 400-year history" and "a major vote of confidence" in the harbour's long-term investment strategy.

The Belfast Telegraph has more on the story HERE.

Published in Belfast Lough

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) - FAQS

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are geographically defined maritime areas where human activities are managed to protect important natural or cultural resources. In addition to conserving marine species and habitats, MPAs can support maritime economic activity and reduce the effects of climate change and ocean acidification.

MPAs can be found across a range of marine habitats, from the open ocean to coastal areas, intertidal zones, bays and estuaries. Marine protected areas are defined areas where human activities are managed to protect important natural or cultural resources.

The world's first MPA is said to have been the Fort Jefferson National Monument in Florida, North America, which covered 18,850 hectares of sea and 35 hectares of coastal land. This location was designated in 1935, but the main drive for MPAs came much later. The current global movement can be traced to the first World Congress on National Parks in 1962, and initiation in 1976 of a process to deliver exclusive rights to sovereign states over waters up to 200 nautical miles out then began to provide new focus

The Rio ‘Earth Summit’ on climate change in 1992 saw a global MPA area target of 10% by the 2010 deadline. When this was not met, an “Aichi target 11” was set requiring 10% coverage by 2020. There has been repeated efforts since then to tighten up MPA requirements.

Marae Moana is a multiple-use marine protected area created on July 13th 2017 by the government of the Cook islands in the south Pacific, north- east of New Zealand. The area extends across over 1.9 million square kilometres. However, In September 2019, Jacqueline Evans, a prominent marine biologist and Goldman environmental award winner who was openly critical of the government's plans for seabed mining, was replaced as director of the park by the Cook Islands prime minister’s office. The move attracted local media criticism, as Evans was responsible for developing the Marae Moana policy and the Marae Moana Act, She had worked on raising funding for the park, expanding policy and regulations and developing a plan that designates permitted areas for industrial activities.

Criteria for identifying and selecting MPAs depends on the overall objective or direction of the programme identified by the coastal state. For example, if the objective is to safeguard ecological habitats, the criteria will emphasise habitat diversity and the unique nature of the particular area.

Permanence of MPAs can vary internationally. Some are established under legislative action or under a different regulatory mechanism to exist permanently into the future. Others are intended to last only a few months or years.

Yes, Ireland has MPA cover in about 2.13 per cent of our waters. Although much of Ireland’s marine environment is regarded as in “generally good condition”, according to an expert group report for Government published in January 2021, it says that biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation are of “wide concern due to increasing pressures such as overexploitation, habitat loss, pollution, and climate change”.

The Government has set a target of 30 per cent MPA coverage by 2030, and moves are already being made in that direction. However, environmentalists are dubious, pointing out that a previous target of ten per cent by 2020 was not met.

Conservation and sustainable management of the marine environment has been mandated by a number of international agreements and legal obligations, as an expert group report to government has pointed out. There are specific requirements for area-based protection in the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), the OSPAR Convention, the UN Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 

Yes, the Marine Strategy Framework directive (2008/56/EC) required member states to put measures in place to achieve or maintain good environmental status in their waters by 2020. Under the directive a coherent and representative network of MPAs had to be created by 2016.

Ireland was about halfway up the EU table in designating protected areas under existing habitats and bird directives in a comparison published by the European Commission in 2009. However, the Fair Seas campaign, an environmental coalition formed in 2022, points out that Ireland is “lagging behind “ even our closest neighbours, such as Scotland which has 37 per cent. The Fair Seas campaign wants at least 10 per cent of Irish waters to be designated as “fully protected” by 2025, and “at least” 30 per cent by 2030.

Nearly a quarter of Britain’s territorial waters are covered by MPAs, set up to protect vital ecosystems and species. However, a conservation NGO, Oceana, said that analysis of fishing vessel tracking data published in The Guardian in October 2020 found that more than 97% of British MPAs created to safeguard ocean habitats, are being dredged and bottom trawled. 

There’s the rub. Currently, there is no definition of an MPA in Irish law, and environment protections under the Wildlife Acts only apply to the foreshore.

Current protection in marine areas beyond 12 nautical miles is limited to measures taken under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives or the OSPAR Convention. This means that habitats and species that are not listed in the EU Directives, but which may be locally, nationally or internationally important, cannot currently be afforded the necessary protection

Yes. In late March 2022, Minister for Housing Darragh O’Brien said that the Government had begun developing “stand-alone legislation” to enable identification, designation and management of MPAs to meet Ireland’s national and international commitments.

Yes. Environmental groups are not happy, as they have pointed out that legislation on marine planning took precedence over legislation on MPAs, due to the push to develop offshore renewable energy.

No, but some activities may be banned or restricted. Extraction is the main activity affected as in oil and gas activities; mining; dumping; and bottom trawling

The Government’s expert group report noted that MPA designations are likely to have the greatest influence on the “capture fisheries, marine tourism and aquaculture sectors”. It said research suggests that the net impacts on fisheries could ultimately be either positive or negative and will depend on the type of fishery involved and a wide array of other factors.

The same report noted that marine tourism and recreation sector can substantially benefit from MPA designation. However, it said that the “magnitude of the benefits” will depend to a large extent on the location of the MPA sites within the network and the management measures put in place.

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