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Citizen scientists from Westport Aquarium in Washington state, USA, and Galway Atlantaquaria have collaborated on a project to raise awareness about microplastics.

Named “SeaLegs”, the project involved monitoring local water sources for microplastic litter.

From early summer, this year, the trawl teams from Ireland and America were tasked to select a local water source and check for microplastics.

The SeaLegs devices were made from recycled and upcycled materials, and the trawls took place in areas including the Humptulips River and Grays Harbour in Washington state and Galway Bay.

"Kayakers and fishermen and many other water enthusiasts wondered why we were pulling a pair of baby leggings through the local waterways"

Garry Kendellen, of Galway Atlantaquaria said, “I loved meeting people during the trawls, the tights in the water were a great conversation starter, and I was able to talk about Clean Coasts volunteering and the problems of microplastics”.

Trawls took place in areas including the Humptulips River and Grays Harbour in Washington state and Galway Bay as part of "SeaLegs" microplastics monitoringTrawls took place in areas including the Humptulips River and Grays Harbour in Washington state and Galway Bay as part of "SeaLegs" microplastics monitoring

“The aquarium has been involved in many projects like this, but this one was really special and thought-provoking,” he said.

Six trials were conducted by the teams. It was agreed that even if the trawls were unsuccessful in their goal of capturing litter and microplastics, they would still be a conversation starter about litter, marine litter, water rights, social behaviour, litter collection/disposal, biodiversity, and citizen science.

Katherine Myrsell, director of Westport Aquarium, said: “Kayakers and fishermen and many other water enthusiasts wondered why we were pulling a pair of baby leggings through the local waterways.” 

“After deploying the SeaLegs, there was a lot of work to sort and sieve the samples.

After a day of collecting samples, we had to sift through the mass of organic matter and find microplastics,” she said.

“This was no easy feat as microplastics are fragments of any type of plastic less than 5 mm (0.20 in) in length. The trawl teams had very limited quality microscopes, so it was a painstaking process to sort the samples,” she said.

“After much scanning and sifting, we were able to identify microplastics in almost every trawl. The fibres we discovered could not be confused with anything organic as they were blue, white, and red in colour,” she said.

The findings are in the SeaLegs Project Report

Summary Findings, including team details and a link to the  SeaLegs Plastic Survey are here

Videos from the project are here

Published in Marine Science
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New Zealand based Sealegs International has announce the coming release of the Terminator 755 Amphibious by Sealegs at the Auckland On Water Boat Show. The craft features System 60, the amphibious enablement system (AES) by Sealegs, and was developed by Terminator Boats.

This latest addition to the expanding amphibious product range demonstrates the on-going efforts and success of the Sealegs AES Strategy previously seen in craft released by Stabicraft and ASIS. Sealegs plans to continue the strategy of developing amphibious craft through offering amphibious systems to global boat manufacturers to widen our product range and reach of customers.

Brazen Composites and its subsidiary Terminator Boats have a long history in building composite craft. The Terminator 755 is the first 100% fiberglass model released with Sealegs that does not feature the Hypalon or Aluminium pontoons previously seen in the rest of the Sealegs range.

sealegsThe standard hull and Amphibious Enablement System will have a retail starting price of just $149,000 + outboard, options

Sealegs CEO, David McKee Wright said “with every new partner we appoint under the AES strategy, our systems and processes improve to better accommodate the needs of a wider range of boat manufactures. The Terminator 755 demonstrates the ability to leverage the expertise of alternative boat manufacturers, as we benefitted from the skills of our partner, Brazen Composites, to release the all-fiberglass boat. A skillset where Sealegs has limited experience.”

He went on to say “by leveraging the efficient manufacturing base in Malaysia, and the lower cost manufacturing process of fiberglass, we have been able to introduce an introductory price that is better than any other in the Sealegs range.”

The Terminator 755 Amphibious by Sealegs will be available for viewing at the Auckland On Water Boat Show from the 29 September through 2 October 2016, on Sealegs Island, Viaduct Events Centre, Auckland. The standard hull and Amphibious Enablement System will have a retail starting price of just $149,000 + outboard, options and gst. Sealegs will also be running an introductory special until the end of the boat show for just $125,000+gst.

Features of the craft are listed below:

Sealegs System 60 Technology including
All Wheel Drive
Automatic Braking System
Extended Run Time
Power Steering
Hull constructed with DNV certified composite materials
ISO gelcoat, barrier coat, fiberglass, PVC core, vinylester resin
All panels, girders and bulkheads are resin infused under vacuum
250 litre stainless steel fuel tank and fuel level gauge
Engine, fuel and electrical areas with Fire Retardant coating
Swivel helm seats and aft facing seats
Upholstery with marine grade synthetic leather
Stainless steel mast arch, bow rail, boarding ladder and 6 cleats
Fibreglass hard top, curved laminated glass windshield, wipers and side clears
Stainless steel mast arch with rod holders, bow rail, boarding ladder & 6 cleats
Ceredi locker hatches
Self-draining anchor locker
Electrical loom and switchboard including
Battery with isolation switch
Manual and electric bilge pump
Foredeck hatch

The Terminator 755 SF will be on display at the Auckland on Water Boat Show.

Published in Boat Sales

Sharks in Irish waters

Irish waters are home to 71 species of shark, skates and rays, 58 of which have been studied in detail and listed on the Ireland Red List of Cartilaginous fish. Irish sharks range from small Sleeper sharks, Dogfish and Catsharks, to larger species like Frilled, Mackerel and Cow sharks, all the way to the second largest shark in the world, the Basking shark. 

Irish waters provide a refuge for an array of shark species. Tralee Bay, Co. Kerry provides a habitat for several rare and endangered sharks and their relatives, including the migratory tope shark, angel shark and undulate ray. This area is also the last European refuge for the extremely rare white skate. Through a European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) project, Marine Institute scientists have been working with fishermen to assess the distribution, diversity, and monthly relative abundance of skates and rays in Tralee, Brandon and Dingle Bays.

“These areas off the southwest coast of Ireland are important internationally as they hold some of the last remaining refuges for angel shark and white skate,” said Dr Maurice Clarke of the Marine Institute. “This EMFF project has provided data confirming the critically endangered status of some species and provides up-to-date information for the development of fishery measures to eliminate by-catch.” 

Irish waters are also home to the Black Mouthed Catshark, Galeus melastomus, one of Ireland’s smallest shark species which can be found in the deep sea along the continental shelf. In 2018, Irish scientists discovered a very rare shark-nursery 200 nautical miles off the west coast by the Marine Institute’s ROV Holland 1 on a shelf sloping to 750 metres deep. 

There are two ways that sharks are born, either as live young or from egg casings. In the ‘case’ of Black Mouthed Catsharks, the nursery discovered in 2018, was notable by the abundance of egg casings or ‘mermaid’s purses’. Many sharks, rays and skate lay eggs, the cases of which often wash ashore. If you find an egg casing along the seashore, take a photo for Purse Search Ireland, a citizen science project focusing on monitoring the shark, ray and skate species around Ireland.

Another species also found by Irish scientists using the ROV Holland 1 in 2018 was a very rare type of dogfish, the Sail Fin Rough Shark, Oxynotus paradoxus. These sharks are named after their long fins which resemble the trailing sails of a boat, and live in the deep sea in waters up to 750m deep. Like all sharks, skates and rays, they have no bones. Their skeleton is composed of cartilage, much like what our noses and ears are made from! This material is much more flexible and lighter than bone which is perfect for these animals living without the weight of gravity.

Throughout history sharks have been portrayed as the monsters of the sea, a concept that science is continuously debunking. Basking sharks were named in 1765 as Cetorhinus maximus, roughly translated to the ‘big-nosed sea monster’. Basking sharks are filter feeders, often swimming with their mouths agape, they filter plankton from the water.

They are very slow moving and like to bask in the sun in shallow water and are often seen in Irish waters around Spring and early Summer. To help understand the migration of these animals to be better able to understand and conserve these species, the Irish Basking Shark Group have tagged and mapped their travels.

Remarkably, many sharks like the Angel Shark, Squatina squatina have the ability to sense electricity. They do this via small pores in their skin called the ‘Ampullae of Lorenzini’ which are able to detect the tiny electrical impulses of a fish breathing, moving or even its heartbeat from distances of over a kilometre! Angel sharks, often referred to as Monkfish have a distinctively angelic shape, with flattened, large fins appearing like the wings of an angel. They live on the seafloor in the coastal waters of Ireland and much like a cat are nocturnal, primarily active at night.

The intricate complexity of shark adaptations is particularly noticeable in the texture of their skin. Composed of miniscule, perfectly shaped overlapping scales, the skin of shark provides them with protection. Often shark scales have been compared to teeth due to their hard enamel structure. They are strong, but also due to their intricate shape, these scales reduce drag and allow water to glide past them so that the shark can swim more effortlessly and silently. This natural flawless design has been used as inspiration for new neoprene fabric designs to help swimmers glide through the water. Although all sharks have this feature, the Leafscale Gulper Shark, Centrophorus squamosus, found in Ireland are specifically named due to the ornate leaf-shape of their scales.