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Displaying items by tag: Sea Scouts

Over 100 delegates gathered at the Talbot Hotel for the Sea Scouting conference on 11/12 November. Adults and young people from across the country joined workshops and activities on the key themes of sustainability, adventure, inclusion, leadership and safety.

As Afloat reported previously, The event marked the launch of a new leadership-float framework for all who engage in water activities in Scouting Ireland. This follows a year-long review and a wide consultation with expert bodies.

 (Above and below) Over 100 delegates attended the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in Wexford on 11/12 November (Above and below) Over 100 delegates attended the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in Wexford on 11/12 November

 (Above and below) Over 100 delegates attended the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in Wexford on 11/12 November

On Friday at the event, 15-time world record-holding adventurer Erden Eric shared his experiences of circumnavigating the earth using only his own power.

This was followed by a full day of varied sessions with a number of workshops from Canoeing Ireland, Rowing Ireland, Sail Training Ireland and other bodies.

Ciaran Deay, Sea Scout Commissioner; Michael Paul Murtagh, Sea Scout Team; Sarah Meehan, New Ross Sea Scouts; Colum McCaffrey, event coordinator; Stephen Taylor, former Sea Scout Commissioner, welcome delegates to the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in WexfordCiaran Deay, Sea Scout Commissioner; Michael Paul Murtagh, Sea Scout Team; Sarah Meehan, New Ross Sea Scouts; Colum McCaffrey, event coordinator; Stephen Taylor, former Sea Scout Commissioner, welcome delegates to the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in Wexford

Met Eireann, the Marine Institute, Irish Water Safety, The Wheel and Volunteer Ireland. The main conference was opened by Captain Sean Boyce of Stena Line, who spoke about his career and the influence of Sea Scouting on his professional development.

Michael Paul Murtagh (1st Cork Sea Scouts, Crosshaven) of the Sea Scout Team gives a presentation at the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in WexfordMichael Paul Murtagh (1st Cork Sea Scouts, Crosshaven) of the Sea Scout Team gives a presentation at the 2023 Sea Scouting conference in Wexford

On Saturday evening, the event dinner was addressed by Flag Officer Commanding the Naval Service Commodore Michael Malone, who spoke about the service’s role and the value of organisations that introduce young people to maritime topics.

On Sunday, delegates were taken to the pool for sea survival instruction, a paddling clinic, and scuba taster sessions.

It was announced that the 2025 event would take place in Galway, with further information, including how to volunteer in Sea Scouting on seascouts.ie.

Published in Youth Sailing
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Scouting Ireland recently presented its highest award to Peter Tobin of 8ú Calafort Gasóga Mara (Cuan Dhún Laoghaire).

Chief Scout Jill Pitcher-Farrell presented the Order of CúChulainn award at Dun Laoghaire Sea Scout den to acknowledge over 50 years of voluntary contribution to Sea Scouting at a local and national level.

Having started his Sea Scouting journey at 5th Port Sea Scouts (Dollymount), he was a founder member of the Irish-speaking Sea Scout Group, originally based in Monkstown in 1966 along with Eoghan Lavelle and Sean Fitzgerald, and has been involved ever since. In the intervening years, he served in various voluntary capacities, including in recent years as Group Chairman. He also served as Deputy National Commissioner for Sea Scouting at a time of significant growth of the youth organisation.

Fewer than 25 Sea Scouts have been presented with Scouting Ireland’s highest award in the history of the Cup.

Fry Cup winners 2023 - Howth Sea ScoutsFry Cup winners 2023 - Howth Sea Scouts

His voluntary contributions are diverse, having served as Commodore of Poolbeg Yacht and Boat Club and vice Commodore of Dun Laoghaire Motor Yacht Club and being the current secretary of the Dublin Bay Old Gaffers Association.

The award was presented at the Sir William Fry Cup, Sea Scouting’s senior seamanship competition, which has run since 1918, testing seamanship and leadership skills, including navigation, water safety and boat maintenance. Howth Sea Scouts were winners for only the third time in their history.

Published in Youth Sailing

The Talbot Hotel in Wexford will be the venue for the upcoming Sea Scouting conference, which is set to take place on the 11th and 12th of November. The event is expected to attract over 100 delegates from all four provinces of Ireland, who will come together to discuss the future of the youth movement.

Sea Scouting allows young people to develop an interest in the sea, learn maritime skills, and take on outdoor challenges under the guidance of community volunteers.

With approximately 4,000 members spread across communities from Cork to Donegal and from Galway to New Ross, the movement has become an important part of life of many coastal towns.

The conference will feature talks and workshops by a range of experts.

Among the guests will be Stena Line Captain Sean Boyce, holder of 18 Guinness World Records for adventures Erden Eruc, and Flag Officer Commanding the Naval Service Commodore Michael Malone.

Delegates will get a chance to meet representatives from Rowing Ireland, Canoeing Ireland, the Marine Institute, Met Éireann, Volunteer Ireland, RNLI and the Wheel. 

In addition to the talks and workshops, conference attendees will have the opportunity to try out scuba skills, meet community boat builders, and work on their marlinspike seamanship skills.

The Sea Scouting conference promises to be an exciting event for all those involved, and is sure to generate new ideas and innovations for the future of the youth movement in Ireland.

Published in Youth Sailing
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The 2023 seamanship competition for senior Sea Scouts, supported by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners, occurred on 5 March at the National Maritime College of Ireland in Cork Harbour.

24 young people from around Ireland competed for the Captain Desmond Fortune Founders Award and the Captain Cian Timmons Memorial Award. The competition has run since 1995. This was the first time the Captain Cian Timmons Memorial Award was presented for the highest-placing Rover Scout. Captain Timmons was a Sea Scout and a member of the Council of the Irish Institute of Master Mariners. 

Competitors were examined on a range of seamanship skills, including testing their knowledge of maritime safety legislation, sea survival and collision regulations. They represented Sea Scout groups in Ringsend, New Ross, Howth, Malahide, Dollymount and the Scout Group in Ballykelly in Co Wexford. 

Sea Scout Master Mariners awards were presented by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners and the Chief Scout of Scouting Ireland, Jill Pitcher FarrellSea Scout Master Mariners awards were presented by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners and the Chief Scout of Scouting Ireland, Jill Pitcher Farrell

The examiner pool was diverse and included Sea Scout leaders and external examiners with experience as professional mariners and as members of the Naval Service, Irish Coast Guard and the RNLI. They also included representatives from Irish Sailing and lecturers from the NMCI.

Participants were also treated to a full day experience on 4 March, touring the NMCI, the Naval Base at Haulbowline, and Crosshaven Lifeboat Station, before bedding down in the community garden campsite of the local Crosshaven Sea Scouts. 

Awards were presented by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners and the Chief Scout of Scouting Ireland, Jill Pitcher Farrell.

Results

Venture Scouts

Captain Desmond Fortune 'Founders Award'

  • 1st - Cormac Eason - 9th Port Malahide Sea Scouts
  • 2nd - Dan Clohessy - 9th Port Malahide Sea Scouts
  • 3rd - Adam Kavanagh - 12th Wexford Ballykelly Scouts 

Rover Scouts

Captain Cian Timmons Memorial Award

  • 1st - Óran Ó hIrile - 9th Port Malahide Sea Scouts
  • 2nd - Evan Banable - 9th Port Malahide Sea Scouts
  • 3rd - Darragh Ryan - 1st Wexford New Ross Sea Scouts

Dan Clohessy won the Eoghan Lavelle Cox'ns Prize for achieving the highest marks in the practical section.

Published in Maritime Training

The winners of the 2022 seamanship competition for senior Sea Scouts, supported by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners, recently got the opportunity to tour the ILV Granuaile as part of their prize. The young people were invited to learn about the vessel and the essential safety service provided around the coast of Ireland by the Commissioners of Irish Lights.

The Sea Scouts, from Malahide and Greystones, were welcomed onboard by Captain Dermot Gray and the crew. Captain Gray, Master of the ILV Granuaile, is also President of the Irish Institute of Master Mariners. 

The winners of the 2022 seamanship competition for senior Sea Scouts got the opportunity to tour the ILV Granuaile as part of their prize(Above and below) The winners of the 2022 seamanship competition for senior Sea Scouts got the opportunity to tour the ILV Granuaile as part of their prize

The winners of the 2022 seamanship competition for senior Sea Scouts got the opportunity to tour the ILV Granuaile as part of their prize

To win their place, the young people had demonstrated their knowledge and abilities in a comprehensive examination of navigation skills, practical boat handling and seamanship in March 2022 at 1st Port of Dublin Sea Scout den in Ringsend.

The competition draws examiners from across the marine community including ships’ officers, lifeboat volunteers and experienced recreational boaters. In 2022 it also featured a presentation to participants on weather forecasting from Met Eireann. It provides young people in Sea Scouting with a unique opportunity to engage directly with a diverse range of professionals connected with the nautical sphere at a time in their lives where some may be considering a career at sea.

The 2023 competition will take place in March at the National Maritime College of Ireland, Ringaskiddy, thanks to the continued support of the Irish Institute of Master Mariners, who have supported this competition for older Sea Scouts since 1995.

Published in Lighthouses
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A steady 8-10 knots all day provided perfect conditions, bringing out the best of competitors in some very tight formations and close racing for the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide Estuary.

The main event of the day was a Team-Racing format with 12 teams consisting of three boats per team.

Raced under a round-robin series, each team sailed against one another, scoring points before progressing to the knockout series.

The main event of the day at the Seas Scout Regatta was a Team-Racing format with 12 teams consisting of three boats per teamThe main event of the day at the Seas Scout Regatta was a Team-Racing format with 12 teams consisting of three boats per team

After 26 exciting races, the 7th Port Howth Sea Scouts came out on top, closely followed by 9th Port Malahide Sea Scouts in 2nd and 24th Port of Galway Sea Scouts in 3rd.

Alongside the main Team-Racing event was the Seamanship Challenge.

Racing flags at the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide EstuaryRacing flags at the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide Estuary

Here the teams of x3 sailed together on a multi-handed boat completing skills and tasks such as rigging, coming alongside and man-overboard.

Malahide sailors came in 1st (Malahide Wed 1), 2nd (Malahide Lír) and 3rd (Malahide Wed 2).

close racing for the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide EstuaryClose racing for the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide Estuary

The Albatross Race was next, which is a single-handed, all-against race to the finish with the best of the best.

1st - 7th Port Howth (Sarah)
2nd - 7th Port Howth (Hannah)
3rd - 9th Port Malahide (Timmy)

The last race of the day was the Rovers & Scouters Race this year won by Jordan - 9th Port Malahide.

Finally, the Centenary Cup was presented to the sailor on the day who achieved the highest individual score.

This was proudly awarded to Sarah from 7th Port Howth.

Prizewinners at the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide EstuaryPrizewinners at the 51st Sea Scout Sailing Regatta on Malahide Estuary

Published in Malahide YC
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The Galway Sea Scouts took a trip to Nawaka, the National Sea Scouts Festival in Netherlands as Damien McCoy reports

Like Disneyland for Sea Scouts is how one of our Sea Scouts described Nawaka, the National Water Camp they attended in Zeewolde, Netherlands. Held every 4 years and running for 10 days, the Sea Scout festival is one of the largest of its kind and this year, Port of Galway Sea Scouts returned with 27 Scouts and 8 Leaders to represent Ireland at the event.

With 7,000 Scouts and Staff on site, the Nawaka village had a real festival feel, complete with popup shops, exhibitions and activities to keep everyone entertained and provided for. The opening ceremony saw the entire festival flotilla descend upon the local harbour of Zeewolde, which was awash with the brightly coloured Lelievlet Boats that each Sea Scout group paints in their group colours.

Nawaka 2022 Opening ceremony, Zeewolde harbour

The Lelievlet has been the standard boat of the Dutch Sea Scouts since the 1950s, with its steel hull providing lower maintenance than wooden predecessors and its 6 person capacity ensuring that younger scouts have the opportunity to sail with and learn from their older crewmates. Its design also offers the opportunity for Scouts to gain proficiency in sailing, rowing and stern sculling all in a single vessel. Stern sculling was the required way to enter and leave port and it was amazing to see very young scouts powering boats out of harbour using this technique.

Galway Sea Scouts aboard Barbarossa and Grace O’Malley - Dutch Sea Scout Lelievlets

There was a previous effort to introduce Lelievlet’s into Irish Sea Scouting, but to our knowledge only two of the boats remain operational and are now based on the Shannon in Limerick City with 25th Limerick Scout Group since the withdrawal of sailing from the Killaloe Scout Centre. Given the suitability of this boat type for youth mentoring and participation in sailing, we’re now investigating how we can revive their use in Ireland.

The generosity of numerous Dutch Sea Scout groups also ensured that we got the use of Lelievlets for the duration of the festival, with many of the Galway kids electing to join Dutch crews, enabling them to learn the best way to rig and handle these unfamiliar boats.

Mixed Irish & Dutch crew aboard a Dutch Sea Scout Lelievlet

The exchanges went beyond nautical knowledge however, with our Scouts also learning about Dutch culture and building new friendships which will endure long after Nawaka is over. We’re expecting a few of the groups to visit Galway over the next year so that we can return the hospitality they extended to us and give them a chance to experience the mountains and ocean which is not part of their usual scouting program.

We also had a fantastic opportunity to provide the Dutch a taste of Irish nautical heritage as we brought Loveen, the Port of Galway Sea Scout Gleoiteog to Nawaka this year. Supported by a crew from Galway Hooker Sailing Club we were able to ensure that many of our new Dutch friends had the opportunity to experience sailing in the traditional Galway Hooker.

Aboard Loveen the Port of Galway Sea Scout Gleoiteog at the Nawaka 2022 Parade of Sail

An interesting feature of Sea Scouting in the Netherlands is the use of large barges, tugs and other retired commercial vessels by Groups as their Scout Den, many of which had made long trips through the canals and waterways of the country to bring the sailing and camping equipment required by their team. 

Dutch Sea Scout Tug boat, which serves as their Scout Den

Sailing events during Nawaka included the Vlettenrally, where Sea Scouts are challenged to sail the greatest distance in 8 hours, resulting in one crew taking the directions literally and making it half way to Belgium before being intercepted and brought back late at night by powerboat. Other days were spent by the kids honing their tacks, jibes and reaches, while other times they simply enjoyed the freedom of swimming off the side of the anchored boats as a way to cool off from the high temperatures. For many of them it was the first sailing experience outside of Galway Bay and the absence of our usual wetsuits, hats and gloves was welcomed by all.

The parade of sail towards the end of the festival involved the entire flotilla of Nawaka craft making their way up to Zeewolde for a night time display of lights, decorations and music for the families of Scouts and local residents who had assembled on shore to watch. Explorers Scouts, the equivalent of our Venture Scouts, provided entertainment on barges as we paraded past, including a rock band and disco.

Irish & Dutch mixed crewed Lelievlets, under tow for the parade of sail

Sunset at the Parade of Sail in Nawaka 2022

 Lelievlets under tow to join the Nawaka flotilla

 The 27 Sea Scouts who attended have all vowed to return in 2026, either as Scouts again, or in the case of the older ones as leaders and staff volunteers. Nawaka 2022 has ensured that they have not just expanded their knowledge of sailing and scouting and gained an appreciation of Dutch culture, but have also grown and developed the life skills they will need as they become young adults.

Flying the Ireland & Scouting Ireland flags at Zeewolde Scout Centre Marina

The trip would never have happened without the dedication, time and efforts of the Leaders and parents of the Port of Galway Sea Scouts, with Denis Murphy who worked tirelessly during COVID to ensure we made it to Nawaka worthy of a special mention.

Denis Murphy, Nawaka 2022 Camp Chief for Port of Galway Sea Scouts

If you’d like to find out more about Nawaka, please visit nawaka.scouting.nl and to learn about Port of Galway Sea Scouts you can find us at galwayseascouts.com

Published in Galway Harbour
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‘Bravo Zulu’ to the young competitors from Arklow, Malahide, Ringsend, Greystones and Howth Sea Scouts who participated in the annual Master Mariner competition last weekend, hosted at Dublin Port and sponsored by the Irish Institute of Master Mariners.

A huge syllabus covered nautical skills from meteorology to boat maintenance to passage planning at a level often regarded as akin to a second mate’s ticket.

Competitors are examined by professional mariners and yachtsmen to showcase their skills as well as an opportunity to learn tips from the experts.

Getting to grips with the intricacies of knotsGetting to grips with the intricacies of knots

The examiner team this year featured members from the RNLI, Naval Reserve, Irish Sailing instructors, a professional shipwright, ocean yacht-masters, experienced sea-kayakers and special guest Linda Hughes from Met Éireann.

Linda joined the examining team for the day to assess the competitors meteorology skills and also provided a very informative talk about Met Éireann’s weather forecasting methods and tools.

The examiners praised all competitors who entered, commenting on the impressive level of nautical skills shown.

The syllabus for the annual Master Mariner competition covers a lot of groundThe syllabus for the annual Master Mariner competition covers a lot of ground

By the end of the day there were only single-digit points between the top candidates so an absolute credit to their skills and time put into their seamanship training.

Congratulations to Dan Clohessy from Malahide who was crowned Venture Scout Master Mariner, and to Jordan Killen from Malahide who was crowned Rover Scout Master Mariner.

Published in Dublin Port

#JamboRí - Up to 6,000 young people will get afloat over the six days of JamboRí 2018, the biggest scouting event in Ireland for a decade.

Scouting Ireland will hold JamboRí at Stradbally Hall in Co Laois, the home of Electric Picnic, from 25 July to 2 August 2018.

As part of the festival, all participants will spend a full day on the water at Blessington Lakes in Co Wicklow where they will have the opportunity to sail, row, kayak, windsurf and more.

The water element is headed up by the Sea Scouts, the specialist group within the Scouting Ireland movement which uses nautical skills and experiences to create outdoor adventures for young people.

“Putting 1,000 young people on the water each day for a week is an exciting task and we can’t wait!” said Colum McCaffrey of Malahide Sea Scouts and team lead for the water element of JamboRí 2018.

“We do need support from other agencies to maximise the experience of the young people attending and we welcome contact from anyone wishing to help us by assisting with equipment, training or logistics.”

Offers of assistance with equipment welcome at [email protected].

Published in Youth Sailing

When Kaitlyn Dow of Waterford High School in Connecticut put a shout–out through Afloat.ie last September for people to look out for her unmanned yacht off the Galway coast, little did she realise she would be travelling across the Atlantic to meet those finders and be reunited with her school project.

The 5ft mini–sailboat, The Lancer, was washed up in Connemara on September 20 last year. Sent by Dow of Waterford High School in Connecticut, it travelled all the way across the Atlantic, and was picked up by Méabh Ní Ghionnáin (aged 8) on Garumna Island, Co. Galway.

Since then, the Connemara Sea Scouts, who are affiliated with the ISA’s Galway Sea Scouts, have patched up The Lancer and are preparing to send it on another voyage.

Visitors from Waterford High School are due in Connemara in late February – so more updates to come.

Connemara Sea ScoutsThe Connemara Sea Scouts with the American mini yacht

Published in Coastal Notes
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Ireland's Offshore Renewable Energy

Because of Ireland's location at the Atlantic edge of the EU, it has more offshore energy potential than most other countries in Europe. The conditions are suitable for the development of the full range of current offshore renewable energy technologies.

Offshore Renewable Energy FAQs

Offshore renewable energy draws on the natural energy provided by wind, wave and tide to convert it into electricity for industry and domestic consumption.

Offshore wind is the most advanced technology, using fixed wind turbines in coastal areas, while floating wind is a developing technology more suited to deeper water. In 2018, offshore wind provided a tiny fraction of global electricity supply, but it is set to expand strongly in the coming decades into a USD 1 trillion business, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). It says that turbines are growing in size and in power capacity, which in turn is "delivering major performance and cost improvements for offshore wind farms".

The global offshore wind market grew nearly 30% per year between 2010 and 2018, according to the IEA, due to rapid technology improvements, It calculated that about 150 new offshore wind projects are in active development around the world. Europe in particular has fostered the technology's development, led by Britain, Germany and Denmark, but China added more capacity than any other country in 2018.

A report for the Irish Wind Energy Assocation (IWEA) by the Carbon Trust – a British government-backed limited company established to accelerate Britain's move to a low carbon economy - says there are currently 14 fixed-bottom wind energy projects, four floating wind projects and one project that has yet to choose a technology at some stage of development in Irish waters. Some of these projects are aiming to build before 2030 to contribute to the 5GW target set by the Irish government, and others are expected to build after 2030. These projects have to secure planning permission, obtain a grid connection and also be successful in a competitive auction in the Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS).

The electricity generated by each turbine is collected by an offshore electricity substation located within the wind farm. Seabed cables connect the offshore substation to an onshore substation on the coast. These cables transport the electricity to land from where it will be used to power homes, farms and businesses around Ireland. The offshore developer works with EirGrid, which operates the national grid, to identify how best to do this and where exactly on the grid the project should connect.

The new Marine Planning and Development Management Bill will create a new streamlined system for planning permission for activity or infrastructure in Irish waters or on the seabed, including offshore wind farms. It is due to be published before the end of 2020 and enacted in 2021.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE. Is there scope for community involvement in offshore wind? The IWEA says that from the early stages of a project, the wind farm developer "should be engaging with the local community to inform them about the project, answer their questions and listen to their concerns". It says this provides the community with "the opportunity to work with the developer to help shape the final layout and design of the project". Listening to fishing industry concerns, and how fishermen may be affected by survey works, construction and eventual operation of a project is "of particular concern to developers", the IWEA says. It says there will also be a community benefit fund put in place for each project. It says the final details of this will be addressed in the design of the RESS (see below) for offshore wind but it has the potential to be "tens of millions of euro over the 15 years of the RESS contract". The Government is also considering the possibility that communities will be enabled to invest in offshore wind farms though there is "no clarity yet on how this would work", the IWEA says.

Based on current plans, it would amount to around 12 GW of offshore wind energy. However, the IWEA points out that is unlikely that all of the projects planned will be completed. The industry says there is even more significant potential for floating offshore wind off Ireland's west coast and the Programme for Government contains a commitment to develop a long-term plan for at least 30 GW of floating offshore wind in our deeper waters.

There are many different models of turbines. The larger a turbine, the more efficient it is in producing electricity at a good price. In choosing a turbine model the developer will be conscious of this ,but also has to be aware the impact of the turbine on the environment, marine life, biodiversity and visual impact. As a broad rule an offshore wind turbine will have a tip-height of between 165m and 215m tall. However, turbine technology is evolving at a rapid rate with larger more efficient turbines anticipated on the market in the coming years.

 

The Renewable Electricity Support Scheme is designed to support the development of renewable energy projects in Ireland. Under the scheme wind farms and solar farms compete against each other in an auction with the projects which offer power at the lowest price awarded contracts. These contracts provide them with a guaranteed price for their power for 15 years. If they obtain a better price for their electricity on the wholesale market they must return the difference to the consumer.

Yes. The first auction for offshore renewable energy projects is expected to take place in late 2021.

Cost is one difference, and technology is another. Floating wind farm technology is relatively new, but allows use of deeper water. Ireland's 50-metre contour line is the limit for traditional bottom-fixed wind farms, and it is also very close to population centres, which makes visibility of large turbines an issue - hence the attraction of floating structures Do offshore wind farms pose a navigational hazard to shipping? Inshore fishermen do have valid concerns. One of the first steps in identifying a site as a potential location for an offshore wind farm is to identify and assess the level of existing marine activity in the area and this particularly includes shipping. The National Marine Planning Framework aims to create, for the first time, a plan to balance the various kinds of offshore activity with the protection of the Irish marine environment. This is expected to be published before the end of 2020, and will set out clearly where is suitable for offshore renewable energy development and where it is not - due, for example, to shipping movements and safe navigation.

YEnvironmental organisations are concerned about the impact of turbines on bird populations, particularly migrating birds. A Danish scientific study published in 2019 found evidence that larger birds were tending to avoid turbine blades, but said it didn't have sufficient evidence for smaller birds – and cautioned that the cumulative effect of farms could still have an impact on bird movements. A full environmental impact assessment has to be carried out before a developer can apply for planning permission to develop an offshore wind farm. This would include desk-based studies as well as extensive surveys of the population and movements of birds and marine mammals, as well as fish and seabed habitats. If a potential environmental impact is identified the developer must, as part of the planning application, show how the project will be designed in such a way as to avoid the impact or to mitigate against it.

A typical 500 MW offshore wind farm would require an operations and maintenance base which would be on the nearby coast. Such a project would generally create between 80-100 fulltime jobs, according to the IWEA. There would also be a substantial increase to in-direct employment and associated socio-economic benefit to the surrounding area where the operation and maintenance hub is located.

The recent Carbon Trust report for the IWEA, entitled Harnessing our potential, identified significant skills shortages for offshore wind in Ireland across the areas of engineering financial services and logistics. The IWEA says that as Ireland is a relatively new entrant to the offshore wind market, there are "opportunities to develop and implement strategies to address the skills shortages for delivering offshore wind and for Ireland to be a net exporter of human capital and skills to the highly competitive global offshore wind supply chain". Offshore wind requires a diverse workforce with jobs in both transferable (for example from the oil and gas sector) and specialist disciplines across apprenticeships and higher education. IWEA have a training network called the Green Tech Skillnet that facilitates training and networking opportunities in the renewable energy sector.

It is expected that developing the 3.5 GW of offshore wind energy identified in the Government's Climate Action Plan would create around 2,500 jobs in construction and development and around 700 permanent operations and maintenance jobs. The Programme for Government published in 2020 has an enhanced target of 5 GW of offshore wind which would create even more employment. The industry says that in the initial stages, the development of offshore wind energy would create employment in conducting environmental surveys, community engagement and development applications for planning. As a site moves to construction, people with backgrounds in various types of engineering, marine construction and marine transport would be recruited. Once the site is up and running , a project requires a team of turbine technicians, engineers and administrators to ensure the wind farm is fully and properly maintained, as well as crew for the crew transfer vessels transporting workers from shore to the turbines.

The IEA says that today's offshore wind market "doesn't even come close to tapping the full potential – with high-quality resources available in most major markets". It estimates that offshore wind has the potential to generate more than 420 000 Terawatt hours per year (TWh/yr) worldwide – as in more than 18 times the current global electricity demand. One Terawatt is 114 megawatts, and to put it in context, Scotland it has a population a little over 5 million and requires 25 TWh/yr of electrical energy.

Not as advanced as wind, with anchoring a big challenge – given that the most effective wave energy has to be in the most energetic locations, such as the Irish west coast. Britain, Ireland and Portugal are regarded as most advanced in developing wave energy technology. The prize is significant, the industry says, as there are forecasts that varying between 4000TWh/yr to 29500TWh/yr. Europe consumes around 3000TWh/year.

The industry has two main umbrella organisations – the Irish Wind Energy Association, which represents both onshore and offshore wind, and the Marine Renewables Industry Association, which focuses on all types of renewable in the marine environment.

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