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Racing between radio controlled sailing boats continues to develop as an important part of world sailing and now thanks to ten years of work by Ireland's Gordon Davies and others this branch of the sport now has its own dedicated 'Call Book'.

Download a pdf of the book below

Radio-controlled racing attracts competitors of all ages and experience, from school and junior sailors to experienced sailors who may have retired from racing dinghies or keelboats. Racing can take place on small ponds or large lakes or, occasionally, on open water.

Gordon Davies Race JudgeInternational Judge Gordon Davies who hails from Bray Sailing Club in County Wicklow Photo: Afloat

Davies, a former Racing Rules Chairman of the International Radio Sailing Association, with input from many sailors and officials, led the development that resulted in the publication of the first case book (as it was then titled) in 2015. 

Since then the interpretations have been developed and refined to resolve problems arising at events and to address some practices that had grown over time and were not consistent with the RRS and authoritative WS publications.

In 2020 the copyright of the Call Book was transferred by the original authors to World Sailing (WS). This is the first edition approved by World Sailing.

This edition updates the calls to ensure compliance with the Racing Rules of Sailing for 2021 – 2024; it also introduces new calls and fine-tunes the existing text.

Published in World Sailing

As boats head across the Atlantic in the New York – Vendée race it is not only potential Irish competitors in the Vendée Globe who are keeping a watchful eye on proceedings. Gordon Davies, an International Judge from Bray, is monitoring events carefully as a member of the International Jury.
The Jury has a particular role to play in these oceanic races. This is very much a professional sport, with the finance depending on the media impact of the event. The Jury acts as a guarantee that the principles of sportsmanship are respected. At the same time they contribute to ensuring that the race remains a spectacle that attracts the public’s attention.
So, for instance, protests are heard while boats are still at sea, carried out by e-mail. Penalties are taken at sea, whenever possible by sailing through a virtual gate and then re-sailing through the same gate the required number of hours later.
Boat on boat protests are rare, but can occur from time to time.
Essential, but little used, items of safety equipment are sealed in place on the boat, to avoid any temptation of ‘stacking’ (moving heavy items to the windward side of the boat). The drive shaft is also sealed. Measurement protests for broken seals were frequent, but there are fewer nowadays as competitors have learnt to secure heavy items. Penalties for accidentally broken seals are small, a matter of a few minutes, but there is a policy of not giving a zero penalty. Even a few minutes penalty can be important as close finishes on oceanic races are not unknown.
Another source of protests is for sailing within forbidden zones. Single and short-handed sailing are at best tolerated in many countries. All participants in the sport have a responsibility to ensure that maritime authorities are not given cause to complain. Sailing a large yacht single-handed through crowded shipping lanes is probably not the best way to avoid problems with commercial traffic. Increasingly, Traffic Separation Schemes are declared forbidden zones. In effect the playing field is moved away from the areas where commercial shipping is densest. Other forbidden zones may be set up to avoid ice or other dangers.
Competitors are tracked as they sail the race. Race Committee’s do not hesitate to protest a boat that enters a forbidden zone. As a result there may be protest from the Race Committee. Penalties for breaking this rule may seem harsh, but race organisers must demonstrate clearly to maritime authorities that they are determined that professional sport will not interfere with commercial traffic.
The work of the International Jury is important in these events. Unfortunately, perhaps, in the age of modern telecommunications, the work is carried out from home. Only one or, possibly, two, judges will travel to the race venue. The others work from home (or wherever they happen to be) via computer, laptop or smartphone.
Judging oceanic races is becoming a specialised discipline. There are complex rules for equipment and safety. Ireland if fortunate in having two International Race Officials who are regularly involved as race officials- Bill O’Hara (Volvo Ocean Race, Transat Bakerly…) and Gordon Davies (New York Vendée, Transat Bakerly, Transat Jacques Vabre, Route du Rhum)

Published in Vendee Globe

#radiosailing – The International Radio Sailing Association (IRSA) Case Book for Radio Sailing has been published in online form. This document is undergoing a process similar to the development of the Team Racing Call Book (indeed some of the same people were involved). Naturally the IRSA Cases are not authoritative interpretations but it is expected that they will become widely accepted in the radio sailing community. In time it is hoped that this document will evolve in to an authoritative ISAF Case Book for Radio Sailing.

A procedure for modifying cases and accepting new cases is currently being set up. When this happens the authors will transfer copyright to IRSA.

IRSA is the world wide organisation for radio sailing, representing 33 national radio sailing organisations.

There is, of course, an Irish connection to this news story. the authors of the Case Book are Peter Johnson, International Judge and Umpire,well known to generations of Irish team racers as Chief Umpire at West Kirby's Wilson Trophy, and Gordon Davies, Bray SC and Royal Alfred YC, an International Judge who was recently appointed Chairman of the Racing Committee of IRSA.

The International Radio Sailing Association (IRSA) Case Book for Radio Sailing can now be downloaded here

 

Published in Model Boats

#internationaljudge – Gordon Davies is the newest addition to Ireland's line up of international sailing officials. The Bray Sailing Club member was appointed an International Judge (IJ) at this week's ISAF conference in Oman bringing the number of Irish World Sailing officials to 15.

Reappointed in Oman were Coleraine's Bill O'Hara (Judge), David Lovegrove (Race Officer), Con Murphy (Race Officer) bringing Ireland's total number to 8 IROs, 5 IJ and 2 IUs

With the Davies appointment there is now an IJ based on the east coast alongside the three Dublin based International Race Officers - David Lovergrove, London 2012's Jack Roy and Con Murphy.

As well as on the water duties, the local role of an IJ is often to assist event organisers in recruiting a jury (hopefully at low cost = reduced entry fees)

ISAF race officials have an obligation to train competitors and local race officials which in Davies case has involved rules training and mentoring up and coming judges and umpires.

Interestingly, in 2014 ISAF judges will have to sit a test for renewal. The first generation of IJs never passed a test, and some have difficulty with English so it is anticipated that there will be many judges dropping out of system in 2014.

The full list of Ireland's ISAF officials is below:

Crosbie Alan IRL 2002 International Race Officer
Crowley Peter IRL 2002 International Race Officer
Hutchieson Ronald IRL 1982 International Judge
Lovegrove David IRL 2005 International Race Officer
Murphy Con IRL 2009 International Race Officer
O'Connor Michael IRL 2007 International Umpire
O'Connor Michael IRL 2007 International Judge
O'Gorman Tony IRL 1997 International Race Officer
O'Gorman Tony IRL 1997 International Judge
O'Hara Bill IRL 2010 International Race Officer
O'Hara Bill IRL 2001 International Judge
O'Hara Bill IRL 2006 International Umpire
Roy Jack IRL 1998 International Race Officer
Wilkinson Jamie IRL 2007 International Race Officer

 

 

Published in World Sailing
Tagged under

Ireland's Offshore Renewable Energy

Because of Ireland's location at the Atlantic edge of the EU, it has more offshore energy potential than most other countries in Europe. The conditions are suitable for the development of the full range of current offshore renewable energy technologies.

Offshore Renewable Energy FAQs

Offshore renewable energy draws on the natural energy provided by wind, wave and tide to convert it into electricity for industry and domestic consumption.

Offshore wind is the most advanced technology, using fixed wind turbines in coastal areas, while floating wind is a developing technology more suited to deeper water. In 2018, offshore wind provided a tiny fraction of global electricity supply, but it is set to expand strongly in the coming decades into a USD 1 trillion business, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). It says that turbines are growing in size and in power capacity, which in turn is "delivering major performance and cost improvements for offshore wind farms".

The global offshore wind market grew nearly 30% per year between 2010 and 2018, according to the IEA, due to rapid technology improvements, It calculated that about 150 new offshore wind projects are in active development around the world. Europe in particular has fostered the technology's development, led by Britain, Germany and Denmark, but China added more capacity than any other country in 2018.

A report for the Irish Wind Energy Assocation (IWEA) by the Carbon Trust – a British government-backed limited company established to accelerate Britain's move to a low carbon economy - says there are currently 14 fixed-bottom wind energy projects, four floating wind projects and one project that has yet to choose a technology at some stage of development in Irish waters. Some of these projects are aiming to build before 2030 to contribute to the 5GW target set by the Irish government, and others are expected to build after 2030. These projects have to secure planning permission, obtain a grid connection and also be successful in a competitive auction in the Renewable Electricity Support Scheme (RESS).

The electricity generated by each turbine is collected by an offshore electricity substation located within the wind farm. Seabed cables connect the offshore substation to an onshore substation on the coast. These cables transport the electricity to land from where it will be used to power homes, farms and businesses around Ireland. The offshore developer works with EirGrid, which operates the national grid, to identify how best to do this and where exactly on the grid the project should connect.

The new Marine Planning and Development Management Bill will create a new streamlined system for planning permission for activity or infrastructure in Irish waters or on the seabed, including offshore wind farms. It is due to be published before the end of 2020 and enacted in 2021.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE.

There are a number of companies aiming to develop offshore wind energy off the Irish coast and some of the larger ones would be ESB, SSE Renewables, Energia, Statkraft and RWE. Is there scope for community involvement in offshore wind? The IWEA says that from the early stages of a project, the wind farm developer "should be engaging with the local community to inform them about the project, answer their questions and listen to their concerns". It says this provides the community with "the opportunity to work with the developer to help shape the final layout and design of the project". Listening to fishing industry concerns, and how fishermen may be affected by survey works, construction and eventual operation of a project is "of particular concern to developers", the IWEA says. It says there will also be a community benefit fund put in place for each project. It says the final details of this will be addressed in the design of the RESS (see below) for offshore wind but it has the potential to be "tens of millions of euro over the 15 years of the RESS contract". The Government is also considering the possibility that communities will be enabled to invest in offshore wind farms though there is "no clarity yet on how this would work", the IWEA says.

Based on current plans, it would amount to around 12 GW of offshore wind energy. However, the IWEA points out that is unlikely that all of the projects planned will be completed. The industry says there is even more significant potential for floating offshore wind off Ireland's west coast and the Programme for Government contains a commitment to develop a long-term plan for at least 30 GW of floating offshore wind in our deeper waters.

There are many different models of turbines. The larger a turbine, the more efficient it is in producing electricity at a good price. In choosing a turbine model the developer will be conscious of this ,but also has to be aware the impact of the turbine on the environment, marine life, biodiversity and visual impact. As a broad rule an offshore wind turbine will have a tip-height of between 165m and 215m tall. However, turbine technology is evolving at a rapid rate with larger more efficient turbines anticipated on the market in the coming years.

 

The Renewable Electricity Support Scheme is designed to support the development of renewable energy projects in Ireland. Under the scheme wind farms and solar farms compete against each other in an auction with the projects which offer power at the lowest price awarded contracts. These contracts provide them with a guaranteed price for their power for 15 years. If they obtain a better price for their electricity on the wholesale market they must return the difference to the consumer.

Yes. The first auction for offshore renewable energy projects is expected to take place in late 2021.

Cost is one difference, and technology is another. Floating wind farm technology is relatively new, but allows use of deeper water. Ireland's 50-metre contour line is the limit for traditional bottom-fixed wind farms, and it is also very close to population centres, which makes visibility of large turbines an issue - hence the attraction of floating structures Do offshore wind farms pose a navigational hazard to shipping? Inshore fishermen do have valid concerns. One of the first steps in identifying a site as a potential location for an offshore wind farm is to identify and assess the level of existing marine activity in the area and this particularly includes shipping. The National Marine Planning Framework aims to create, for the first time, a plan to balance the various kinds of offshore activity with the protection of the Irish marine environment. This is expected to be published before the end of 2020, and will set out clearly where is suitable for offshore renewable energy development and where it is not - due, for example, to shipping movements and safe navigation.

YEnvironmental organisations are concerned about the impact of turbines on bird populations, particularly migrating birds. A Danish scientific study published in 2019 found evidence that larger birds were tending to avoid turbine blades, but said it didn't have sufficient evidence for smaller birds – and cautioned that the cumulative effect of farms could still have an impact on bird movements. A full environmental impact assessment has to be carried out before a developer can apply for planning permission to develop an offshore wind farm. This would include desk-based studies as well as extensive surveys of the population and movements of birds and marine mammals, as well as fish and seabed habitats. If a potential environmental impact is identified the developer must, as part of the planning application, show how the project will be designed in such a way as to avoid the impact or to mitigate against it.

A typical 500 MW offshore wind farm would require an operations and maintenance base which would be on the nearby coast. Such a project would generally create between 80-100 fulltime jobs, according to the IWEA. There would also be a substantial increase to in-direct employment and associated socio-economic benefit to the surrounding area where the operation and maintenance hub is located.

The recent Carbon Trust report for the IWEA, entitled Harnessing our potential, identified significant skills shortages for offshore wind in Ireland across the areas of engineering financial services and logistics. The IWEA says that as Ireland is a relatively new entrant to the offshore wind market, there are "opportunities to develop and implement strategies to address the skills shortages for delivering offshore wind and for Ireland to be a net exporter of human capital and skills to the highly competitive global offshore wind supply chain". Offshore wind requires a diverse workforce with jobs in both transferable (for example from the oil and gas sector) and specialist disciplines across apprenticeships and higher education. IWEA have a training network called the Green Tech Skillnet that facilitates training and networking opportunities in the renewable energy sector.

It is expected that developing the 3.5 GW of offshore wind energy identified in the Government's Climate Action Plan would create around 2,500 jobs in construction and development and around 700 permanent operations and maintenance jobs. The Programme for Government published in 2020 has an enhanced target of 5 GW of offshore wind which would create even more employment. The industry says that in the initial stages, the development of offshore wind energy would create employment in conducting environmental surveys, community engagement and development applications for planning. As a site moves to construction, people with backgrounds in various types of engineering, marine construction and marine transport would be recruited. Once the site is up and running , a project requires a team of turbine technicians, engineers and administrators to ensure the wind farm is fully and properly maintained, as well as crew for the crew transfer vessels transporting workers from shore to the turbines.

The IEA says that today's offshore wind market "doesn't even come close to tapping the full potential – with high-quality resources available in most major markets". It estimates that offshore wind has the potential to generate more than 420 000 Terawatt hours per year (TWh/yr) worldwide – as in more than 18 times the current global electricity demand. One Terawatt is 114 megawatts, and to put it in context, Scotland it has a population a little over 5 million and requires 25 TWh/yr of electrical energy.

Not as advanced as wind, with anchoring a big challenge – given that the most effective wave energy has to be in the most energetic locations, such as the Irish west coast. Britain, Ireland and Portugal are regarded as most advanced in developing wave energy technology. The prize is significant, the industry says, as there are forecasts that varying between 4000TWh/yr to 29500TWh/yr. Europe consumes around 3000TWh/year.

The industry has two main umbrella organisations – the Irish Wind Energy Association, which represents both onshore and offshore wind, and the Marine Renewables Industry Association, which focuses on all types of renewable in the marine environment.

©Afloat 2020